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极端高温与旱涝急转的关联特征分析:以海河流域为例
基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFC3012405); 国家自然科学基金项目(52409048); 中国水科院基本科研业务费项目(WR110145B0042025)
邮箱(Email): wangjia@iwhr.com
DOI:
发布时间: 2026-07-10
出版时间: 2026-07-10
网络发布时间: 2026-07-10
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摘要:

【目的】在全球气候变暖背景下,海河流域旱涝急转事件频发,其突发性强、致灾风险高,给流域防洪带来了严峻挑战。旨在揭示极端高温与旱涝急转事件的关联特征,提升旱涝急转事件的可预报性,为流域复合极端事件的机理认知与防灾减灾提供科学支撑。【方法】基于海河流域18个气象站点1990—2023年逐日观测数据,采用日尺度旱涝急转指数(DWAAI)与多维度高温特征参数,结合海河“23·7”典型旱涝急转事件开展实证分析,系统解析二者的关联特征。【结果】结果表明:(1)1990—2023年海河流域旱期高温呈持续增强趋势,且高温强度与旱涝急转分布特征呈正相关,二者空间梯度变化趋于一致;(2)旱期高温持续性的演变进程与旱涝急转事件的时空分布趋于一致,其抬升阶段与旱涝急转事件频次、强度的增长阶段具有同步性;(3)前期高温累积与旱涝急转事件的时空分布趋于一致,高温累积水平偏高的区域对应旱涝急转发生频次更高。【结论】研究表明,在长期气候变暖背景下,海河流域高温与旱涝急转呈同步增强趋势,2023年高温与旱涝急转均达到高位,极端高温通过加剧干旱累积进而引发后期强降水事件,二者呈现高度关联性,研究可为流域复合极端事件的形成机制认知与风险应对提供科学参考。

Abstract:

[Objective] Against the backdrop of global warming, drought-flood abrupt alternation events occur frequently in the Haihe River Basin. With the characteristics of strong suddenness and high disaster-causing risk, these events have posed severe challenges to flood control in the river basin. The aims are to reveal the correlation characteristics between extreme high temperature and drought-flood abrupt alternation events, improve the predictability of such events, and provide scientific support for the understanding of the mechanism and disaster prevention and mitigation of compound extreme events in the river basin. [Methods] Based on the daily observation data from 18 meteorological stations in the Haihe River Basin from 1990 to 2023, the daily-scale drought-waterlogging abrupt alternation index (DWAAI) and multi-dimensional high-temperature characteristic parameters were adopted. Combined with an empirical analysis of the typical “23·7” drought-flood abrupt alternation event in the Haihe River Basin, the correlation characteristics between the two were systematically analyzed. [Results] The results showed that: (1) from 1990 to 2023, the high temperature in the Haihe River Basin during the drought period showed a continuous intensifying trend, and the high-temperature intensity was positively correlated with the distribution characteristics of drought-flood abrupt alternation, with their spatial gradient changes tending to be consistent. (2) The evolutionary process of high-temperature persistence during the drought period was consistent with the spatiotemporal distribution of drought-flood abrupt alternation events, and its ascending stage was synchronous with the growth stage of the frequency and intensity of drought-flood abrupt alternation events. (3) The pre-event high-temperature accumulation was consistent with the spatiotemporal distribution of drought-flood abrupt alternation events, and the regions with higher high-temperature accumulation levels corresponded to higher frequencies of drought-flood abrupt alternation events. [Conclusion] The findings indicate that under the background of long-term climate warming, both high temperature and drought-flood abrupt alternation in the Haihe River Basin show a synchronous intensifying trend, and both reached a high level in 2023. Extreme high temperature exacerbates drought accumulation and further triggers subsequent heavy precipitation events, showing a high correlation. The findings can provide a scientific reference for the understanding of the formation mechanism and risk response of compound extreme events in the river basin.

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[62] 庄园煌, 陈宏, 孙密娜, 等. 气候变化背景下海河流域极端降水特征及不同重现期降水量估计[J]. 大气科学学报, 2025, 48(2): 278-288.

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基本信息:

中图分类号:P426.616

引用信息:

[1]焦方凯,王佳,刘家宏,等.极端高温与旱涝急转的关联特征分析:以海河流域为例[J].水利水电技术(中英文)().

基金信息:

国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFC3012405); 国家自然科学基金项目(52409048); 中国水科院基本科研业务费项目(WR110145B0042025)

发布时间:

2026-07-10

出版时间:

2026-07-10

网络发布时间:

2026-07-10

引用

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