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【目的】长江中下游平原河网城市地形平坦开阔、河网交错，汛期水高城低导致排水不畅，极易发生洪涝灾害，联圩并圩是解决圩区自身洪涝问题的有效手段。【方法】以芜湖市新城南圩为例，系统评估联圩并圩措施对防洪排涝的影响。通过构建精细化洪涝一体耦合模型，结合工程建设情况、降雨和外江水位条件，设计7种情景方案，模拟联圩并圩措施实施前后洪涝风险变化。【结果】结果显示：不同降雨和外江洪水重现期下研究区域内积水面积较联圩并圩前均有所降低；尤其当重现期为10 a一遇时，高风险区域积水面积的减小程度最大，达到18.40%;随着设计暴雨和洪水重现期的增大，这些措施的效果逐渐减弱；联圩并圩实施后，圩区主要排水工程荆方泵站和竹港泵站可满足城市排水需求，当遭遇超过20 a一遇降雨时，需提前开启泵站预降荆山河水位以保证泵站正常运行。【结论】联圩并圩措施能够有效降低平原河网城市的洪涝风险，结合排涝工程，通过预降内河水位，城市精细化洪涝一体耦合模型可以统筹模拟洪水和内涝交互过程，研究成果可为平原河网城市防洪排涝规划、水工程调度等相关工作提供技术支撑，也可为相似圩区城市精细化洪涝耦合模型的构建提供理论指导。
Abstract：[Objective]Plain river network cities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are located in flat and open terrain with crisscrossed river networks. During flood seasons, higher water levels combined with lower urban elevation often lead to poor drainage, making these areas highly susceptible to flooding. Dike merging has proven to be an effective method for addressing flood issues within dike areas.[Methods]Taking Xinchengnanwei in Wuhu City as an example, the effect of dike merging measures on flood control and drainage was systematically evaluated. A refined flood-inundation coupled model was developed, incorporating engineering infrastructure, rainfall, and external river water levels. Seven scenarios were designed to simulate changes in flood risks before and after the implementation of dike merging measures.[Results]The result showed that, under different rainfall conditions and external river flood return periods, the inundation area in the study area decreased compared to before the implementation of dike merging measures. Specifically, when the return period was 10 years, the reduction in inundation area in high-risk zones was the most significant, reaching 18.40%. As the design storm and flood return periods increased, the effectiveness of these measures gradually diminished. After implementing the dike merging measures, the main drainage infrastructure in the dike area, such as the Jingfang Pump Station and Zhugang Pump Station, was able to meet the urban drainage needs. However, for rainfall events exceeding a 20-year return period, it was necessary to pre-lower the water level of the Jingshan River by activating pump stations in advance to ensure their proper operation.[Conclusion]Dike merging measures can effectively reduce the flood and inundation risks in plain river network cities. Combined with drainage engineering projects, pre-lowering internal river water levels enhances the city's flood control and drainage capacity. The refined flood-inundation coupled model can comprehensively simulate the interaction between floods and urban inundation. Technical support can be provided for flood control and drainage planning, as well as water engineering scheduling in plain river network cities, along with theoretical guidance for establishing refined flood-inundation coupled models in similar dike areas.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.10.011
中图分类号:TU992;TU998.4
引用信息:
[1]田培楠,刘舒,杨娜娜,等.联圩并圩措施对平原河网城市防洪排涝影响评估：以芜湖市新城南圩为例[J].水利水电技术(中英文),2025,56(10):135-151.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.10.011.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3008502)