水利水电技术（中英文）

为更好地了解黄土丘陵区输变电工程水土流失特征并提出合理的防治措施，减少水土流失对干旱区生态环境的影响，以宁夏某750kV线路工程为研究对象，选取典型塔基区通过野外调查与监测、室内试验以及野外应用试验，研究坡面塔基区土壤侵蚀强度变化、水土流失主要影响因素、临时阻控措施及合理有效的植物措施。结果表明：(1)黄土丘陵区塔基施工扰动对土壤侵蚀强度有较强的影响，且塔基扰动区水蚀强度约为原始植被区的3倍。(2)施工扰动后整地措施与临时阻控措施组合实施对减缓水土流失起到良好效果，其中开沟措施可使土壤侵蚀厚度减少约56%,开沟加无纺布组合对侵蚀厚度的阻控程度约70%,而开沟加无纺布加水凝胶的效果最好，阻控程度可达74%。(3)建立了一套适用黄土丘陵区的植物措施混播配方。黄土丘陵区输变电工程加剧水土流失，施工前期与扰动期利用无纺布覆盖可较大程度减轻扰动，工程后开沟整地措施效果良好。植被恢复措施可以达到持久的固土护坡目的，建立适用于黄土丘陵区植被恢复的混播配方，应通过优选混播配方植被快速恢复的方式，尽快达到存活株数期望目标，形成一定盖度，同时配方应逐渐演替。

To better understand the characteristics of soil erosion and control measures for transformer projects in loess hilly areas, reduce the impact of soil erosion on the ecological environment of arid regions, and study the soil erosion intensity changes, main influencing factors, and temporary control measures for landslides in typical tower foundations in Ningxia one 750kV line project. Taking the tower foundation area as the research object, through field survey and monitoring, indoor experiments, and field application tests, the soil erosion intensity changes, main influencing factors, and temporary control measures for landslides were investigated. The result shows:(1) The construction disturbance of transformer foundations in loess hilly areas has a strong impact on soil erosion intensity, and the water erosion intensity of the disturbed foundation area is about 3 times that of the original vegetation area.(2) The combination of ditching measures and temporary control measures has a good effect in alleviating soil erosion. Among them, the ditching measures can reduce the soil erosion thickness by about 56%, and the combination of ditching and non-woven cloth has a control effect of about 70%. The best effect is achieved by combining ditching and non-woven cloth with hydrogel, with a control effect of about 74%.(3) A mixed planting formula suitable for vegetation restoration in loess hilly areas should be established. The power transmission and transformation project in the loess hilly region aggravated soil and water loss. The non-woven cloth covering can reduce the disturbance to a large extent in the early construction and disturbance period, and the land preparation measures after the project were good. Vegetation restoration measures can achieve the purpose of soil consolidation and slope protection for a long time, and the mixed sowing formula suitable for vegetation restoration in the loess hilly area should be established. The vegetation recovery method of mixed sowing formula should be selected to achieve the desired number of viable plants as soon as possible and form a certain coverage. Meanwhile, the formula should be gradually replaced.