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根据皖北平原15个雨量站点日降雨资料,采用降雨侵蚀力简易计算模型、Mann-Kendall趋势分析和滑动T检验等方法分析了该地区降雨侵蚀力时空分布特征及变化趋势。皖北平原降雨量和降雨侵蚀力由北向南呈增加趋势,皖北平原多年平均降雨侵蚀力为4 078.7 MJ·mm·hm-2·h-1·a-1,7个典型雨量站点的降雨侵蚀力变异系数在0.38～0.57之间,为中等程度变异;皖北平原降雨量呈增加趋势,除五道沟站外,其余各站降雨侵蚀力呈增加趋势,但增加趋势均不显著;四季的降雨侵蚀力变化明显,夏季占全年70%,占比最高;其次是春季和秋季各占14%,最低是冬季仅占2%。皖北平原降雨侵蚀力与侵蚀性降雨量和年降雨量呈显著正相关,与纬度呈显著负相关,与经度相关性不大。皖北平原降雨量和降雨侵蚀力在年内分布基本一致,表现为单峰型。夏季降雨侵蚀力较大,水土流失风险大,尤其注意皖北平原南部。
Abstract：Based on the daily rainfall data from 15 rainfall stations in the Northern Anhui plain(NAP), the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and trends of the rainfall erosion force were analyzed by using a simple calculation model of rainfall erosion force, Mann-Kendall trend analysis and sliding T test. The rainfall and rainfall erosivity in the NAP are increasing from north to south. In the NAP, the annual rainfall erosivity is 4078.7 MJ·mm·hm-2·h-1·a-1 for many years. The variation coefficient of rainfall erosivity of seven typical rainfall stations is between 0.38 and 0.57, which is a moderate variation. The rainfall in the NAP showed an increasing trend. Except Wudaogou station, the rainfall erosivity of other stations showed an increasing trend, but the increasing trend was not significant. The rainfall erosivity changes significantly in the four seasons, accounting for 70% of the whole year in summer, accounting for the highest proportion; followed by 14% in spring and 14% in autumn, and only 2% in winter. The rainfall erosivity in the NAP has a significant positive correlation with erosive rainfall and annual rainfall, a significant negative correlation with latitude, and a small correlation with longitude. The annual distribution of precipitation and rainfall erosion force in the NAP is basically the same, showing a single-peak pattern. The erosive force of rainfall is greater in summer, and the risk of soil erosion is high, especially in the southern part of the NAP.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2021.06.004
中图分类号:S157.1
引用信息:
[1]杜明成,王振龙,刘翠善,等.皖北平原降雨侵蚀力时空变化及趋势分析[J],2021,52(06):33-41.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2021.06.004.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(41830863,51879162)