水利水电技术（中英文）

水库多拦河而建，对所在河流的生态健康影响较大，目前国内外对水库、河流的单独健康评价研究较多，而对含梯级水库的河流健康综合评价很少。为研究如何评价含多座水库的河流健康状况，以水利部示范河流龙河(丰都段)为例，针对河流段与水库段的差异性，采用层次分析法，构建了河流段和水库段的评价指标体系，确定了各指标层及划分河段的权重值，从“盆”、“水”、生物、社会服务功能4方面综合评价了龙河(丰都段)的健康状况。结果表明：龙河(丰都段)处于健康状态，总评价得分81.02。但仍存在河流纵向连通性差、河岸带宽度不足、两水库总磷和总氮超标、生物多样性和完整性下降等主要问题。经综合分析，影响龙河(丰都段)河流健康的主要原因在于：水库大坝阻断了河流的连通性；村镇沿河而建，河岸带狭窄，人水争地严重；库周农作物较多，农业面源污染治理不彻底；水库导致原河流水生生物生境改变，部分物种难以适应新环境。

At present, there are many studies on individual health evaluation of reservoirs and rivers at home and abroad, but few comprehensive health evaluation of rivers containing cascade reservoirs. In order to study how to evaluate the health status of rivers with multiple reservoirs,based on the Ministry of Water Resources demonstration river Longhe(Fengdu section), for example, the paper adopts analytic hierarchy process, builts the evaluation index system of rivers, according to the differences of river segment, determines the weight value of each index layer and the "segment". This comprehensively evaluates the health status of Longhe(Fengdu section) from four aspects: “basin”, “water”, biology and social service function.The river evaluation score 81.02. There are still some main problems in the river, such as poor longitudinal connectivity, insufficient width of riparian zone, excessive "total phosphorus" and "total nitrogen" of the two reservoirs, and decline of biodiversity and integrity.After comprehensive analysis, the main reason of affecting longhe River(Fengdu section) is that the dam blocks the connectivity of the river. Villages and towns were built along the river. The Riparian zone is narrow. There is serious contention between man and water. There are more crops in the reservoir area, and the control of agricultural non-point source pollution is not thorough. The reservoir changed the habitat of aquatic organisms in the original river, and some species can't adapt to the new environment.