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【目的】河流健康评价是河流管护的重要内容。为科学评价农村河流健康状况，【方法】立足于农村河流的现状与特点，在阐明农村河流健康内涵的基础上，从河流形态结构、河岸带、水文水质、水生生物、社会服务功能、河流管护6个方面，构建适用于农村地区的河流健康状况评价指标体系；确立非常健康、健康、亚健康、不健康、劣态5个评价等级及对应的评分标准。以典型农村河流--沿六河为研究对象，采用基于博弈论的组合赋权法确定各指标权重，基于集对分析法评价其健康状况，运用减法集对势确定导致河流健康状况不佳的主要因素。【结果】结果显示：沿六河的健康状况等级联系数为0.025+0.104I_1+0.261I_2+0.377I_3+0.232J,评价等级为不健康，与实际情况相符；河流纵向连通性、流速、水生植物多样性、水生动物多样性、供水保证率等14项指标恶化是导致沿六河健康状况不佳的主要因素。【结论】该评价体系充分体现了农村河流健康的概念内涵，能够科学评价农村河流健康状况，并辨析农村河流健康状况不佳的主要原因。以典型农村河流沿六河为例开展河流健康状况评价的实例应用，较好地诊断了沿六河健康存在的主要问题，说明该评价体系具备较好的科学性与实用性。研究成果可为农村地区河流健康评价提供一定的理论依据。
Abstract：[Objective] River health assessment is an important part of river management and protection. In order to scientifically evaluate the health status of rural rivers, [Methods]this paper analyzes the current situation and characteristics of rural rivers and clarifies the connotation of rural river health. Select indicators from six aspects of river morphology, riparian zone, hydrology and water quality, aquatic organisms, social service function and river management and protection to build the rural river health evaluation index system. Establish five evaluation levels and corresponding scoring standards for very healthy, healthy, sub-healthy, unhealthy and poor state. Take Yanliu River, a typical rural river, as the research object. The combination weighting method based on game theory is used to determine the weight of each index, and then the health status of the river is evaluated based on the set pair analysis method. Finally, the subtractive set pair potential is used to determine the main factors that cause the poor health of the river. [Results] The results showed that the number of health status grade contacts along the six rivers was X and the evaluation grade was unhealthy. This is consistent with the actual situation. The deterioration of 14 indicators such as river longitudinal connectivity, flow velocity, aquatic plant diversity, aquatic animal diversity and water supply assurance rate are the main factors leading to poor health conditions along the six rivers. [Conclusion] The evaluation system fully embodies the concept of rural river health and can scientifically evaluate the health status of rural rivers. Be able to identify the main reasons for the poor health of rural rivers. Take the typical rural river along the six rivers as an example to carry out the application of river health assessment. The system can better diagnose the main problems of health along the six rivers. It is scientific and practical, and the research results can provide a theoretical basis for river health assessment in rural areas.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2023.02.014
中图分类号:X52
引用信息:
[1]张文慧,廖涛,方国华,等.农村河流健康状况评价指标体系构建及应用[J],2023,54(02):151-160.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2023.02.014.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(52079039);; 江苏省水利科技项目(2019042)
2022-10-10
2022
2022-11-20
2023-01-05
2023
1