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在统筹发展和安全理念下，乡村振兴战略本质上要求农业风险可控。因此，全面了解我国农业综合风险及其防范的总体特征，对于化解农业系统性风险意义重大。基于此，首先从自然和人文层面分析了新时期我国农业综合风险的七个方面特征，即农业资源生态环境约束风险增强、农业自然灾害风险多发频发重发、农业生物安全风险加剧、农业市场风险影响加剧、农业科技推广风险趋升、农业突发公共事件增多影响增强、农业政策沟通和执行偏差风险屡发。然后分析了我国农业综合风险防范的主要措施及成效。再次，分析了我国农业综合风险防范面临的四方面挑战，即农业综合风险防范体系不健全、农业综合风险防范措施不系统、农业综合风险防范科技支撑不深入、农业综合风险防范的“政企社”作用不完善。最后提出了提升我国农业综合风险防范的对策，即大力深化对农业综合风险防范的认识、科学推进农业综合风险防范的理论研究和人才培养、大力加强农业基础设施建设、大力加强农业综合风险防范的科技支撑、不断完善多元化的农业综合风险管理措施、优化农业贸易格局和政策、统筹优化农业风险管理法律法规标准政策体系。
Abstract：Under the concept of integrated development and security, the rural revitalization strategy essentially requires controllable agricultural risks. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the overall characteristics of China′s comprehensive agricultural risks and their prevention is of great significance for resolving systemic agricultural risks. Based on this, this paper first analyzes the seven characteristics of China′s comprehensive agricultural risks in the new era from the natural and human levels, namely, the enhanced risk of agricultural resources and ecological constraints, the frequent and heavy occurrence of agricultural natural disaster risks, the intensification of agricultural biosafety risks, the intensified impact of agricultural market risks, the rising risk of agricultural science and technology promotion, the enhanced impact of the increased number of public emergencies in agriculture, and the risk of agricultural policy communication and implementation deviations. The paper then analyzes the comprehensive risks of agriculture in China, and the main measures and effectiveness of comprehensive risk prevention in China′s agriculture. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the challenges faced by China′s comprehensive agricultural risk prevention in four aspects, namely, the comprehensive agricultural risk prevention system is not sound, the comprehensive agricultural risk prevention measures are not systematic, the comprehensive agricultural risk prevention scientific and technological support is not deep, and the role of “government, enterprise and society” in comprehensive agricultural risk prevention is not perfect. Finally, this paper proposes countermeasures to improve the comprehensive agricultural risk prevention in China, namely, vigorously deepening the understanding of comprehensive agricultural risk prevention, scientifically promoting theoretical research and personnel training on comprehensive agricultural risk prevention, vigorously strengthening the construction of agricultural infrastructure, vigorously strengthening the scientific and technological support for comprehensive agricultural risk prevention, continuously improving the diversified comprehensive agricultural risk management measures, optimizing the agricultural trade pattern and policies, and coordinating and optimizing the agricultural risk management laws, regulations and standards policy system.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2022.12.001
中图分类号:F323;X4
引用信息:
[1]王小亚,孔锋,刘秋荣.新时期我国农业综合风险防范及提升路径研究[J],2022,53(12):1-10.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2022.12.001.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划政府间/港澳台重点专项项目(2018YFE0109600);; 中国气象局软科学重点项目(2022ZDIANXM20);; 北京市社科基金研究基地项目(1JDGLA008);; 央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2021TC062);; 国家自然科学基金项目(41801064,71790611)