| 157 | 3 | 184 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
河流(水库)健康评价对诊断其生态系统健康和保障其社会服务功能的发挥具有重要意义,其研究可为河流(水库)水环境、水生态修复管理提供依据。文章采用层次分析法,从水文完整性、化学完整性、形态结构完整性、生物完整性和社会服务功能可持续性五个方面开展枕头坝一级水电站河库健康评价。结果表明:电站河流、水库均处于非常健康状态,河流健康得分90.7分,水库健康得分88.2分,其中河岸带植被覆盖度和鱼类保有指数得分较低,分别为79.3分和76.0分。在未来的电站管理工作中,应重点加强河岸带植被保护与修复和鱼类资源保护,具体措施包括:建立合理的鱼类和其他水生生物监测预警机制,加强鱼类保护管理和宣传,建立外来鱼类预防和预警机制;与地方政府加强合作,提升库周生态环境质量,通过人工促进自然植被恢复、植树造林、地表土壤修复等多种措施保护和恢复河库岸带植被。
Abstract:River(reservoir) health assessment is of great significance in diagnosing the health of its ecosystem and ensuring its social service function. The research can provide reference for the restoration and management of river(reservoir) water environment and water ecology. In this study, we based on the analytic hierarchy process method, the health evaluation of the Zhentouba Ⅰ Hydropower Station was carried out from five aspects: hydrologic integrity, chemical integrity, morphological and structural integrity, biological integrity and social service function sustainability. The result show that the river(reservoir) are in a very healthy state. River health score is 90.7, reservoir health score is 88.2. The score of vegetation coverage of riparian zone and fish retention index were lower, 79.3 and 76.0, respectively. In the future management of the hydropower station, the protection and restoration of riparian vegetation and the protection of fish should be strengthened. The specific measures include reasonable monitoring and early warning mechanisms for fish and other aquatic organisms should be established, strengthening fish conservation and publicity, establishing prevention and warning mechanisms for non-native fish; strengthening cooperation with local government to improve the quality of ecological environment in the reservoir, and protect and restore river(reservoir) zone vegetation through artificial promotion of natural vegetation restoration, afforestation and surface soil restoration.
[1] POFF N L.Beyond the natural flow regime?Broadening the hydro-ecological foundation to meet environmental flows challenges in a non-stationary world[J].Freshwater Biology,2018,63(8SI):1011-1021.
[2] KURIQI A,PINHEIRO A N,SORDO W A,et al.Ecological impacts of run -of -river hydropower plants Current status and future prospects on the brink of energy transition[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2021,142(110833).
[3] MOREIRA M,HAYES D S,BOAVIDA I,et al.Ecologically-based criteria for hydropeaking mitigation:A review[J].Science of The Total Environment,2019,657:1508-1522.
[4] JUMANI S,RAO S,KELKAR N,et al.Fish community responses to stream flow alterations and habitat modifications by small hydropower projects in the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot,India[J].Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater ecosystems,2018,28(4):979-993.
[5] KARR J R.Defining and measuring river health[J].Freshwater Biology,1999,41(2):221-234.
[6] 张海萍,张敏,渠晓东,等.国家尺度河湖健康评估理论与实践比较研究[C]//中国水利学会2020学术年会论文集.北京,2020.
[7] 程帅,左新宇,李同庆,等.基于浮游植物完整性指数的三峡库区小江河流健康评价[J].水利水电快报,2021,42(2):54-60.
[8] 袁立来,王晓梅,杨文波,等.基于鱼类生物完整性指数的拒马河北京段河流健康评价[J].生态毒理学报,2021,16(4):160-169.
[9] 苏婉.基于鱼类生物完整性指数的澜沧江中上游河流健康评价[D].昆明:云南大学,2021.
[10] XUE C,SHAO C,CHEN S.SDGs-Based River Health Assessment for Small- and Medium-Sized Watersheds[J].Sustainability,2020,12:(18465).
[11] 张泽中,和春华,苏之鸿,等.改进突变模型在河流健康评价中的应用[J].人民黄河,2022,44(6):94-99.
[12] 李港,陈诚,姚斯洋,等.基于压力-状态-响应和物元可拓模型的城市河流健康评价[J].生态学报,2022,42(9):3771-3781.
[13] FRYIRS K.Guiding principles for assessing geomorphic river condition:application of a framework in the Bega catchment,South Coast,New South Wales,Australia[J].CATENA,2003,53(1):17-52.
[14] WILSON M A,CARPENTER S R.Economic valuation of freshwater ecosystem services in the United States:1971-1997[J].Ecological Applications,1999,9(3):772-783.
[15] 中华人民共和国水利部.河湖健康评估技术导则:SL/T 793-2020[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2020.
[16] 徐雅俊.基于河湖健康评估技术导则的公信河健康状况评估[J].吉林水利,2021(5):4-7.
[17] 张舒,秦红,黄慧慧,等.论长三角一体化示范区河湖健康评估:以上海青浦区“蓝色珠链”为例[J].中国水利,2022(2):36-39.
[18] 俞娟.河流健康评价指标体系及评价方法研究:以郑州市贾鲁河为例[D].郑州:华北水利水电大学,2022.
[19] 米小婷.石羊河上游山区河流健康评价[D].兰州:兰州大学,2021.
[20] 乐山市人民政府.乐山市“十四五”生态环境保护规划[S].乐山:乐山市人民政府,2022.
[21] 凉山彝族自治州人民政府.凉山彝族自治州国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二瘙懟三五年远景目标纲要[S].凉山彝族自治州:凉山彝族自治州人民政府,2021.
[22] 雅安市人民政府.雅安市“十四五”生态环境保护规划[S].雅安:雅安市人民政府,2022.
[23] 陈歆,靳甜甜,苏辉东,等.拉萨河河流健康评价指标体系构建及应用[J].生态学报,2019,39(3):799-809.
[24] 乐山市水务局.乐山市水资源公报[R].乐山:乐山市水务局,2020.
[25] 雅安市水利局.雅安市水资源公报[R].雅安:雅安市水利局,2021.
[26] 凉山彝族自治州水利局.凉山州水资源公报[R].凉山彝族自治州:凉山彝族自治州水利局,2020.
[27] 华东勘测设计研究院有限公司.枕头坝一级水电站水生生态调查报告(丰水期)[R].杭州:华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,2021.
[28] 华东勘测设计研究院有限公司.枕头坝一级水电站水生生态调查报告(枯水期)[R].杭州:华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,2021.
[29] 华东勘测设计研究院有限公司.枕头坝一级水电站水生生态调查报告(平水期)[R].杭州:华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,2021.
[30] 中国水利水电建设工程咨询有限公司.大渡河枕头坝一级水电站枢纽工程竣工安全鉴定报告[R].北京:中国水利水电建设工程咨询有限公司,2017.
[31] 国家环境保护总局,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.地表水环境质量标准:GB3838—2002[S].北京:国家环境保护总局,国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2002.
[32] 中华人民共和国水利部.地表水资源质量评价技术规程:SL 395—2007[S].北京:中华人民共和国水利部,2007.
基本信息:
DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2023.S1.038
中图分类号:TV74
引用信息:
[1]蒋爱萍,葛嘉,王恺毅,等.枕头坝一级水电站河库健康评价[J].水利水电技术(中英文),2023,54(S1):234-242.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2023.S1.038.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200304); 国能大渡河枕头坝发电有限公司项目(ZTB-QT-2022-033); 中国华能集团总部科技项目(HNKJ20-H26)
2023-03-20
2023-03-20