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随着我国生态文明建设和社会经济发展步入新的阶段,河湖修复保护的重要性和迫切性日益凸显。借鉴国内外河湖修复保护经验,结合不同治理阶段特征,提出海河流域河湖修复保护可以分为水安全治理、水量水质问题凸显与水量专项治理、水量水质联合治理、水量水质综合治理和流域生态环境综合修复保护五个阶段。综合分析海河流域河湖修复保护现状得出当前海河流域河湖修复保护正处在生态需水考核从"水量/水位"向"恢复健康生态水文节律"转变、水环境治理从提升水功能区水质达标向构建美丽海河转变、水域空间从"点-线"治理向"网-面"治理推进、水系连通从"关键河段有水"到恢复京杭大运河全线有水和适宜河段优先旅游通航、生境修复从种质资源保护到生物多样性提升和鸟类生境提升转变为标志的新阶段;提出了流域河湖修复保护的措施与方向建议,以期为我国流域生态保护提供借鉴。
Abstract：With the construction of ecological civilization and socio-economic development in China entering a new stage, the importance and urgency of river-lake restoration and protection are becoming increasingly prominent. With the references of the experiences from river-lake restoration and protection at home and abroad, it is proposed in combination with the characteristics of various phases of river-lake improvement that the river-lake restoration and protection within Haihe River Basin can be divided into five phases, i.e. water safety improvement, prominences of water amount and quality problems and special improvement of water amount, combined improvement of water amount and quality, comprehensive improvement of water amount and quality and comprehensive restoration and protection of the eco-environment within the river basin. It is obtained from the comprehensive analysis on the status of the restoration and protection of the river-lake within Haihe River Basin that the restoration and protection of river-lake within Haihe River Basin are just in a new stage marked by transforming the eco-water demand appraisal from water amount/water level to restoring healthy ecological hydrological rhythm, transforming water environment improvement from enhancing water quality in water functional area to meet the relevant standard to building up a beautiful Haihe River, pushing forward the improvement of water space from point-line to network-area, restoring water system connection from water being there in the key river sections to water being there in the whole Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the tourism and navigation therein being preferred in the suitable river sections, transforming the habitat rehabilitation from germplasm resources protection to biodiversity enhancement and bird habitat improvement, thus the relevant suggestions on the measures and directions for both the restoration and protection of the river-lake within the river basin are put forward herein, so as to provide some references for the river basinal ecological protection in China.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2022.01.014
中图分类号:X52
引用信息:
[1]孙鹏程,龚家国,任政,等.海河流域河湖修复保护进展与展望[J],2022,53(01):135-152.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2022.01.014.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0506904);; 流域水治理重大科技问题研究项目(06)