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为了保障乌东德大坝的安全运行,有必要研究近坝滑坡体金坪子滑坡的地表变形特性并分析其地下排水效果。为此,基于表面变形观测成果和地质资料,分析了滑坡体表面变形的增量、空间分布和时变特性。结果表明:金坪子滑坡体Ⅱ区变形最大且处于蠕滑变形状态,Ⅰ区次之,其他区变形较小,滑坡体具有牵引式变形特点;Ⅱ区前缘变形大后缘变形小,年同期增量随测点高程的增大而逐渐减小,前缘变形方向指向临空面和下游侧。基于地下水位孔观测成果,分析了地下水位的状态、变化过程和规律,阐明了排水措施对地下水位和滑坡体稳定性的影响。同时,由观测成果可知,受排水洞排水的影响,金坪子Ⅱ区地下水位下降了3.0～12.3 m,滑坡体年同期表面位移增量减小,滑坡体阻滑力提升,排水洞具有排水和增强滑坡体稳定性的作用。
Abstract：In order to guarantee the safe operation of the dam for Wudongde Hydropower Station, it is necessary to study the characteristics of the surface deformation of the near-dam landslide-Jinpingzi Landslide and analyze the underground drainage effect of it. Therefore, the increment of the surface deformation, the spatial distribution and the time-varying characteristics of the surface deformation of the landslide body are analyzed in accordance with the observed results of the surface deformation and the relevant geological data. The results show that the deformation within the zone Ⅱ of Jinpingzi Landslide is the largest under a creeping deformation status, which is followed with that within the zone Ⅰ, while the deformations within the other zones are smaller. Moreover, the landslide has the characteristics of tractive deformation. The deformation is large at the front edge and small at the back edge, of which the annual increment in the same period is gradually decreased along with the increase of the elevation of the measuring point and the direction of the front edge deformation points to the free face and the downstream side. Based on the results from the observation holes for ground water level, the status, changing process and law of the groundwater level are analyzed, and then the effects of the drainage measures on the groundwater level and the stability of the landslide are clarified as well. Under the effect of the drainage from drain-tunnel, the ground water level within the zone Ⅱ of Jinpingzi Landslide is lowered by 3.0～12.3 m along with the decrease of the annual increment of the deformation in the same period and the enhancement of the sliding resistance of the landslide body, thus the drain-tunnel has the functions of drainage and enhancing the stability of the landslide body.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2021.01.015
中图分类号:P642.22
引用信息:
[1]彭绍才,郑栋,段国学,等.乌东德金坪子滑坡地表变形特征与地下排水效果[J],2021,52(01):146-158.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2021.01.015.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC1508603,2018YFC1508505);; 水工岩石力学教育部重点实验室(武汉大学)开放基金(RMHSE1906)