| 274 | 3 | 174 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
针对宽级配黏土与混凝土结合带在大剪切变形条件下的渗透特性对高心墙堆石坝等构筑物安全影响较大的问题,采用自主研发的大剪切变形和应力联合作用下结合带渗透特性试验装置,模拟实际工程岸坡坝段心墙底部宽级配黏土层应力-变形-渗流条件,开展了宽级配黏土与混凝土结合带渗透特性试验,从而探讨试样渗透系数随剪切变形的变化规律。结果显示,剪切变形突然启动瞬间,试样渗透系数快速增大至瞬时峰值,然后逐步减小并趋于稳定,剪切变形停止后经历一定时间,渗透系数从终止值减小至延时稳定值后不再变化;经历过剪切渗流历史的土料在再次剪切时的渗透系数瞬时峰值低于上一次剪切过程。通过分析应力和水力比降等条件对上述规律的影响,并以结合带导水系数与其初始值的比值和试样渗透系数与其初始值比值间的对应关系为依据,给出了结合带可能的厚度。同时,通过结合带黏土颗粒团聚体的组构变化分析,较好地解释了结合带渗透性的变化机理。
Abstract：The permeability characteristics of the joint zone between widely graded clay and concrete has a larger impact on the safeties of the structures such as high rockfill dam with core-wall under the condition of large shearing deformation. Therefore, a self-developed testing apparatus for the permeability characteristics of the joint zone under the combined effect of large shearing deformation and stress is adopted to simulate the actual condition of stress-deformation and seepage of the widely graded clay layer for the core-wall bottom of the bank-slope dam section of a actual project and the experiment is carried out on the permeability charateristics of the joint zone between widely graded clay and concrete, and then the changing law of the permeability coefficient depending on shearing deformation is discussed. The result shows that at the moment when the shearing deformation suddenly starts, the permeability coefficient of the sample is to rapidly increase to its instantaneous peak value and then gradually decrease and tend to be stable. After the shearing deformation stops for a certain time, the permeability coefficient does not change after decreasing from its stop value to its delay stability value, while the instantaneous peak value of permeability coefficient of the soil material that ever experiences shearing seepage is lower than that during its last shearing process. Through analyzing the influences from the conditions of stress, hydraulic gradient, etc.on the laws mentioned above and in accordance with the corresponding relationship between the ratio of hydraulic conductivity of the joint zone to its initial value and the ratio of permeability coefficient of the sample to its initial value, the feasible thickness of the joint zone is given. Meanwhile, the changing mechanism of the permeability of the joint zone is better explained through the analysis made on the fabric change of the clay particle aggregate of the joint zone.
[1] MA H Q,CHI F D.Major technologies for safe construction of high earth-rockfill dams[J].Engineering,2016,2 (4):498-509.
[2] 邓刚，丁勇，张延亿，等.土质心墙土石坝沿革及体型和材料发展历程的回顾[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报，2021,19(4):411-423.DENG Gang,DING Yong,ZHANG Yanyi,et al.Evolution of earth core embankment dams along with the development of configuration and material [J].Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,2021,19(4):411-423.
[3] 韩朝军，杨家修，湛正刚，等.复杂地形条件下土石坝心墙安全关键问题探讨[J].水力发电，2020,46(3):49-55.HAN C J,YANG J X,ZHAN Z G,et al.Discussion on the key issues of core wall safety for rockfill dam under complex topographical conditions[J].Water Power,2020,46(3):49-55.
[4] 李国英，韩朝军，魏匡民，等.考虑坝体-地基接触效应的特高心墙堆石坝结构安全性研究[J].水利水运工程学报，2019(6):107-115.LI G Y,HAN C J,WEI K M,et al.Study on safety of a high earth-core rockfill dam considering contact effect between dam and foundation [J].Hydro-Science and Engineering,2019(6):107-115.
[5] ALBERRO J,MORENO E.Interaction phenomena in the Chicoasén dam:construction and first filling [C]//ICOLD.Proceeding of the 14th International congress on Large Dams.Rio De Janeiro,1982,I:183-202.
[6] 邓刚，皇甫泽华，武颖利，等.土质心墙土石坝变形协调控制发展与展望[J].水力发电学报，2020,39(5):1-16.DENG Gang,HUANGFU Zehua,WU Yingli,et al.Development and prospect of deformation compatibility control of earth core embankment dams[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2020,39(5):1-16.
[7] 邓刚，陈辉，张茵琪，等.基于坝壳湿化过程数值模拟的心墙坝初蓄水力劈裂机理研究[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报，2021,19(1):90-98.DENG Gang,CHEN Hui,ZHANG Yinqi,et al.Study on mechanism of hydraulic fracture of earth core embankment dam during first filling based on the numerical simulation of wetting deformation development with time of coarse aggregate[J].Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,2021,19(1):90-98.
[8] 邓刚，韩巍巍，温彦锋，等.Hyttejuvet坝突然渗漏事故的回顾和心墙堆石坝水力劈裂的反思[C]//中国水电工程顾问集团公司.土石坝技术2012年论文集.北京：中国电力出版社，2012:307-318.DENG Gang,HAN Weiwei,WEN Yanfeng,et al.A review of the sudden leakage of Hyttejuvet Dam and a reflection on the hydraulic fracturing of the earth core rockfill dams [C]//China Hydro Engineering Consulting Group Corporation.Proceeding of the Symposium on Technology of Earth-Rockfill Dam Rockfill Dams.Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2012:307-318.
[9] 周庆合.京张高铁清华园隧道复合地层盾构机械配置研究[J].铁道勘察，2020,46(1):69-73.ZHOU Qinghe.Selection of shield machines for complex strata of Tsinghuayuan Tunnel in Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-speed Railway[J].Railway Investigation and Surveying,2020,46(1):69-73.
[10] 刘杰，缪良娟，傅裕.大坝心墙插有混凝土防渗墙段的应力与渗透稳定性试验研究[J],水利学报，1994(12):47-54.LIU J,MIAO L J,FU Y.Investigation of stress and seepage stability at the conjoined section of concrete diaphragm and core of rockfill dam[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1994(12):47-54.
[11] 郝巨涛，刘增宏，瞿扬.沥青混凝土防渗面板与黏土铺盖之间接触渗透性能的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报，2007(12):1800-1803.HAO J T,LIU Z H,QU Y.Tests on interfacial seepage between asphalt concrete facing and soil blanket[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007(12):1800-1803.
[12] LEI H J,WU Y K,YU Y Z,et al.Influence of shear on permeability of clayey soil [J].International Journal of Geomechanics,2016,16(5):04016010.
[13] LIU Q H,WU Y K,LI Q M,et al.Modified model for hydraulic conductivity of clayey soil under shear [J].International Journal of Geomechanics,2019,19(11):06019015.
[14] 王刚，韦林邑，魏星，等.压实黏土三轴压缩变形过程中的渗透性变化规律[J].岩土力学，2020,41(1):32-38.WANG Gang,WEI Linyi,WEI Xing,et al.Permeability evolution of compacted clay during triaxial compression[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2020,41(1):32-38.
[15] 魏星，邹婷，王刚.压-剪耦合条件下黏土渗透特性的试验研究 [J].岩石力学与工程学报，2017,36(增刊1):3561-3568.WEI Xing,ZOU Ting,WANG Gang.Experimental study on permeability of clay during coupled compression and shear[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2017,36(S1):3561-3568.
[16] 王刚，游克勤，魏星，等.压实黏土剪切带渗透特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报，2019,41(8):1530-1537.WANG Gang,YOU Keqin,WEI Xing,et al.Experimental study on permeability of shear bands in compacted clay[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2019,41(8):1530-1537.
[17] DEWHURST D N,CLENNELL M B,BROWN K M,et al.Fabric and hydraulic conductivity of sheared clays[J].Géotechnique,1996,46(4):761-768.
[18] DEWHURST D N,BROWN K M,CLENNELL M B,et al.A comparison of the fabric and permeability anistrophy of consolidated and sheared silty clay[J].Engineering Geology,1996,42(4):253-267.
[19] ZHANG Shuqing,TULLIS T E.The effect of fault slip on permeability and permeability anisotropy in quartz gouge [J].Tectonophysics,1998,295:41-52.
[20] KIMURA S,KANEKO H,ITO T,et al.Investigation of fault permeability in sands with different mineral compositions:evaluation of Gas Hydrate Reservoir[J].Energies,2015,8:7202-7223.
[21] IMURA S,KANEKO H,NODA S,et al.Shear-induced permeability reduction and shear-zone development of sand under high vertical stress [J].Engineering Geology,2018,238:86-98.
[22] WANG Gang,WEI Xing,ZOU Ting.A hollow cylinder radial-seepage apparatus for evaluating permeability of sheared compacted clay [J].Geotechnical Testing Journal,2018,42(5):1133-1149.
[23] 王柳江，薛晨阳，刘斯宏，等.考虑渗透水压力的黏土与混凝土接触面力学特性[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2019,47(5):447-453.WANG Liujiang,XUE Chenyang,LIU Sihong,et al.Experimental study on mechanical properties of interface between clay and concrete considering the action of interfacial water pressure[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2019,47(5):447-453.
[24] 雷红军，刘中阁，于玉贞，等.黏土-结构接触面大剪切变形后渗流特性试验研究[J].岩土力学，2011,32(4):1040-1044.LEI Hongjun,LIU Zhongge,YU Yuzhen,et al.Experimental study of seepage characteristics of clayey soil-structure interface under large shear deformation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(4):1040-1044.
[25] LUO Yulong,JIN Xi,LI Xiang,et al.A new apparatus for evaluation of contact erosion at the soil-structure interface[J].Geotechnical Testing Journal,2013,36(2):256-263.
[26] 刘千惠，王翔南，湛正刚，等.黏性土-结构接触面剪切变形时的渗透机理分析[J].水力发电学报，2021,40(9):113-121.LIU Q H,WANG X N,ZHAN Z G,et al.Analysis on seepage mechanism at soil-structure interface under shear [J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2021,40(9):113-121.
[27] 邓刚，湛正刚，张幸幸，等.一种旋转剪切式接触面抗渗特性试验装置：2016 1 0305992.8 [P].2019-1-25.DENG Gang,ZHAN Zhenggang,ZHANG Xingxing,et al.The invention discloses a rotary shear type test device for impermeability of contact surface:2016 1 0305992.8 [P].2019-1-25.
[28] 邓刚，张茵琪，张延亿，等.压实宽级配黏土与刚性面结合带抗渗特性研究[J].岩土工程学报，2021,43(9):1631-1639.DENG G,ZHANG Y Q,ZHANG Y Y,et al.Study on impermeability characteristics of junctional zone between compacted broadly gradedclayeysoil and hard surface [J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2021,43(9):1631-1639.
[29] COLLINS K,MCGOWN A.The form and function of microfabric features in a variety of natural soils [J].Géotechnique,1974,24(2):223-254.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2021.10.018
中图分类号:TV431
引用信息:
[1]张茵琪,邓刚,张延亿,等.宽级配黏土与混凝土结合带渗透特性试验研究[J],2021,52(10):182-190.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2021.10.018.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0404803);; 中国水科院基本科研业务费专项(GE0145B032021);; 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室自主研究课题(SKL2020ZY09)