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面对日益加剧的气候变化,提供实用快速的水库防洪调度决策分析工具非常必要。本文建立了水库防洪调度的常规调度模型和多目标优化调度模型,开发了两种模型的人机交互式计算工具,并通过优化调度模型的非劣解集分析水库防洪风险,在灵活的人机交互计算基础上给决策者提供方便快捷的辅助决策。开发的交互式水库防洪调度决策分析系统可实现:(1)不同水库和洪水过程的添加和选择;(2)防洪常规调度和优化调度的计算;(3)动用防洪库容和最大下泄流量关系实时计算并图形显示;(4)基于最大下泄流量与洪峰流量比例的多目标优化调洪计算;(5)计算结果的交互计算分析,可人为调整入库流量、水库各时段水位或下泄流量后,重新进行交互计算;(6)计算结果特征值实时统计显示等功能。经多个水库的实例验证表明,该系统能很好地适应不同类型的水库和各种类型的洪水,可作为复杂气候变化条件下水库防洪调度决策的分析工具。
Abstract：In the face of increasing climate change, it is necessary to provide a practical and rapid decision-making and analysis tool for reservoir flood control operation. In this paper, the conventional operation model and the multi-objective optimal operation model of reservoir flood control operation are established, and the man-machine interactive computing tools of the two models are developed. The risk of reservoir flood control is analyzed by the non-inferior solution set of the optimal operation model, and a convenient and efficient auxiliary decision is provided to the decision-maker on the basis of the flexible man-machine interaction calculation. The interactive reservoir flood control operation decision analysis system developed has the following functions:(1)The addition and selection of different reservoir and flood processes;(2) Calculation of routine and optimal flood control operation;(3) The use of flood control reservoir capacity and the maximum discharged flow to the relationship between the real-time calculation and graphics display;(4) Multi-objective optimization flood control calculation based on the ratio of the maximum discharge rate to the peak discharge rate;(5) The interactive calculation and analysis of the calculation results, the inflow flow, the water level and the discharge flow in each period can be modified and recalculated;(6) The eigenvalues of the calculated results are displayed in real time, etc. The examples of several reservoirs show that the system can well adapt to different types of reservoirs and floods, and can be used as an analytical tool for flood control operation decision under complex climate change conditions.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2020.10.022
中图分类号:P467;TV697.13
引用信息:
[1]艾学山,支悦,董璇,等.适应气候变化的交互式水库防洪调度决策分析系统[J],2020,51(10):180-187.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2020.10.022.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(51779177,51479141);; 湖北省水利重点科研项目(HBSLKY201916)