| 802 | 1 | 332 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
【目的】近年来,洪涝灾害在城市地区频发,对人民安全产生巨大威胁。受淹道路上和建筑中的居民在灾前灾中的疏散行动尤为重要,直接关系到灾害的严重程度和后续影响。【方法】综合回顾了近年来关于洪涝中人员疏散的研究,对洪涝疏散的风险、人员行为特征、建筑环境的影响和数值模拟四方面进行总结和分析。【结果】洪涝疏散的风险评估已有一定基础,但研究与实际情况的偏差以及缺乏统一标准是主要问题;基于风险评估和路径规划研究了客观的疏散行为,基于经验总结和视频分析归纳汇总了主观的疏散行为;除避难所和楼梯外,其他建筑元素对疏散过程的影响研究明显不足;各疏散模型当前虽能模拟简单场景中的疏散行为,但在复杂行为、建筑刻画和疏散方式等内容上仍需优化。【结论】未来应在试验和模拟的基础上,结合深度学习、大数据等新技术,完善疏散风险控制和人员行为研究,定性及定量的分析各种建筑因素在疏散过程中的帮助和阻碍程度,推进疏散过程特征的探究与模拟之间的成果传化。
Abstract：[Objective]In recent years, urban areas have experienced frequent flooding, posing significant threats to public safety. The evacuation of residents from flooded roads and buildings, both before and during disasters, is critical as it directly influences the severity and aftermath of the disaster. [Methods]A comprehensive review of recent studies on flood evacuation was conducted, focusing on four key areas: flood evacuation risks, characteristics of human behavior, the impact of the built environment, and numerical simulations. [Results]The risk assessment of flood evacuation has established a preliminary foundation, yet discrepancies between research and real-world scenarios, along with the lack of standardized criteria, remain significant challenges. Evacuation behavior has been studied through risk assessments and route planning, while subjective behavior has been summarized from empirical data and video analysis. Research on the impact of architectural elements on evacuation, beyond shelters and staircases, is notably insufficient. While current evacuation models can simulate behaviors in simple scenarios, there is still a need for optimization in modeling complex behaviors, architectural features, and evacuation modes. [Conclusion ]Future research should integrate deep learning, big data, and other emerging technologies with experimental and simulation-based approaches to enhance flood evacuation risk control and human behavior studies. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of various architectural factors' facilitating or hindering roles in the evacuation process are necessary. Finally, efforts should be made to translate research findings between the study of evacuation characteristics and simulation practices.
[1] BüYüK?ZKAN G, ILICAK?, FEYZIOLU O. A review of urban resilience literature[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2022, 77:103579.
[2] MICHEL-KERJAN E, KUNREUTHER H J S. Redesigning flood insurance[J]. Science, 2011, 333(6041):408-409.
[3]罗兴树,章数语,郭园,等.极端降水对陕西省农业生产的影响[J].南水北调与水利科技(中英文), 2024, 22(2):339-347.LUO X S, ZHANG S Y, GUO Y, et al. The impact of extreme precipitation on agricultural production in Shanxi Province[J]. Southto-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology, 2024,22(2):339-347, 398.
[4]赵莹,刘家宏,梅超,等.大兴机场海绵设施雨洪控制效果模拟[J].南水北调与水利科技(中英文), 2023, 21(3):512-521.ZHAO Y, LIU J H, MEI C, et al. Simulation of stormwater control effect of sponge facilities in Daxing Airport[J]. South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology, 2023, 21(3):512-521.
[5] DONATTI C I, NICHOLAS K, FEDELE G, et al. Global hotspots of climate-related disasters[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2024, 108:104488.
[6]中华人民共和国水利部.中国水旱灾害防御公报2022[M].北京:水利水电出版社, 2023.Ministry of Water Resources of the People’ s Republic of China.China Flood and Drought Disaster Bulletin 2022[M]. Beijing:China Water Power Press, 2023.
[7] TOZIER DE LA POTERIE A, BAUDOIN M-A. From Yokohama to Sendai:Approaches to participation in international disaster risk reduction frameworks[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2015, 6(2):128-139.
[8] DONG B, XIA J, ZHOU M, et al. Integrated modeling of 2D urban surface and 1D sewer hydrodynamic processes and flood risk assessment of people and vehicles[J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 827:154098.
[9] LIM JR H, LIM M B, PIANTANAKULCHAI M. A review of recent studies on flood evacuation planning[J]. Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2013, 10:147-162.
[10] ESM S O, OAM P C, DAVIES B. Timeline modelling of flood evacuation operations[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2010, 3:175-187.
[11]夏军强,董柏良,周美蓉,等.城市洪涝中人体失稳机理与判别标准研究进展[J].水科学进展, 2022, 33(1):153-163.XIA Junqiang, DONG Boliang, ZHOU Meirong, et al. Review on instability mechanisms and criteria of human body in floodwaters[J].Advances in Water Science, 2022, 33(1):153-163.
[12] River Bureau Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport(MLIT)Flood Control Division. Flood Hazard Mapping Manual in Japan[R].Ibaraki-ken:International Center for Water Hazard and Risk Management, 2005.
[13] Agriculture and Resource anagement Council of Australia and New Zealand, Standing Committee on Agriculture and Resource Management(SCARM). Floodplain Management in Australia:Best Practice Principles and Guidelines:Report No 73[R]. Australia:CSIRO Publishing, 2000.
[14] ARRIGHI C, OUMERACI H, CASTELLI F J H, et al.Hydrodynamics of pedestrians′instability in floodwaters[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2017, 21(1):515-531.
[15] ABT S, WITTIER R, TAYLOR A, et al. Human stability in a high flood hazard zone 1[J]. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 1989, 25(4):881-890.
[16] JONKMAN S N, PENNING-ROWSELL E. Human instability in flood flows 1[J]. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 2008, 44(5):1208-1218.
[17] CHANSON H, BROWN R. Stability of individuals during urban inundations:What should we learn from field observations?[J].Geosciences, 2018, 8(9):341.
[18] MARTíNEZ-GOMARIZ E, GóMEZ M, RUSSO B. Experimental study of the stability of pedestrians exposed to urban pluvial flooding[J]. Natural hazards, 2016, 82(2):1259-1278.
[19] MILANESI L, PILOTTI M, BACCHI B. Using web-based observations to identify thresholds of a person’ s stability in a flow[J]. Water Resources Research, 2016, 52(10):7793-7805.
[20] BLOOMFIELD H C, HILLIER J, GRIFFIN A, et al. Co-occurring wintertime flooding and extreme wind over Europe, from daily to seasonal timescales[J]. Weather and Climate Extremes, 2023, 39:100550.
[21] GUO X, WANG W, FANG X, et al. Analysis of self-rescue possibilities for pedestrians in the aftermath of destabilization during a flood event[J]. Water, 2024, 16(9):1218.
[22] LEE H K, HONG W H, LEE Y H. Experimental study on the influence of water depth on the evacuation speed of elderly people in flood conditions[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2019, 39:101198.
[23] DIAS C, RAHMAN N A, ZAITER A. Evacuation under flooded conditions:Experimental investigation of the influence of water depth on walking behaviors[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2021, 58:102192.
[24] LI X T, YU H, SONG W G, et al. Investigation of pedestrian speed in formation evacuating in two specific water depths[J]. Safety Science, 2024, 169:106333.
[25] ZHANG C, TANG H, ISHIGAKI T, et al. Assessment of safety on evacuating route during underground flooding[C]//IAHR. Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering:Proceedings of 16th IAHR-APD Congress and 3rd Symposium of IAHR-ISHS. Berlin:Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009:141-146.
[26] ISHIGAKI T, ASAI Y, NAKAHATA Y, et al. Evacuation of aged persons from inundated underground space[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2010, 62(8):1807-1812.
[27] BERNARDINI G, CAMILLI S, QUAGLIARINI E, et al. Flooding risk in existing urban environment:from human behavioral patterns to a microscopic simulation model[J]. Energy Procedia, 2017, 134:131-140.
[28] BERNARDINI G, QUAGLIARINI E, D’ORAZIO M, et al. Towards the simulation of flood evacuation in urban scenarios:Experiments to estimate human motion speed in floodwaters[J]. Safety Science,2020, 123:104563.
[29] ARRIGHI C, ALCèRRECA-HUERTA J C, OUMERACI H, et al.Drag and lift contribution to the incipient motion of partly submerged flooded vehicles[J]. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2015, 57:170-184.
[30] KRAMER M, TERHEIDEN K, WIEPRECHT S. Safety criteria for the trafficability of inundated roads in urban floodings[J].International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2016, 17:77-84.
[31] ARRIGHI C, CASTELLI F, OUMERACI H. Effects of flow orientation on the onset of motion of flooded vehicles[M]//SéBASTIEN E, BENJAMIN D, PIERRE A, et al. Sustainable Hydraulics in the Era of Global Change, Belgium:CRC Press, 2016:837-841.
[32] XIA J, TEO F Y, LIN B, et al. Formula of incipient velocity for flooded vehicles[J]. Natural Hazards, 2011, 58:1-14.
[33] TODA K, ISHIGAKI T, OZAKI T. Experiments study on floating car in flooding[C]//University of Exeter. International Conference on Flood Resilience:Experiences in Asia and Europe. Exeter:University of Exeter, 2013:1-33.
[34] HU X, LI J, WANG W, et al. Experimental testing to determine stability thresholds for partially submerged vehicles at different flow orientations[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2023, 620:129525.
[35] OSHIKAWA H, KOMATSU T. Study on the risk evaluation for a vehicular traffic in a flood situation[C]//IAHR. Proceedings of the19th IAHR-APD Congress. Hanoi:IAHR, 2014:ID10003.
[36] SHAH S M H, MUSTAFFA Z, MARTINEZ-GOMARIZ E, et al.Criterion of vehicle instability in floodwaters:past, present and future[J]. International Journal of River Basin Management, 2019, 19(1):1-23.
[37] BOCANEGRA R A, VALLéS-MORáN F J, FRANCéS F. Review and analysis of vehicle stability models during floods and proposal for future improvements[J]. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 2020,13:e12551.
[38] AL-QADAMI E H H, RAZI M A M, DAMANIK W S, et al.Understanding the stability of passenger vehicles exposed to water flows through 3D CFD modelling[J]. Sustainability, 2023, 15(17):13262.
[39] XIN Z, DONGHAI S J. Analysis and research on vehicle wading performance[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2021, 235(1):3-15.
[40] KRAMER M, TERHEIDEN K, WIEPRECHT S. Safety criteria for the trafficability of inundated roads in urban floodings[J].International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2016, 17:77-84.
[41]肖学,李传奇,马梦蝶,等.洪水作用下车辆稳定性试验与安全标准[J].科学技术与工程, 2017, 17(33):200-206.XIAO Xue, LI Chuanqi, MA Mengdie, et al. Experiment and safety criteria analysis of vehicles stability under flood[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2017, 17(33):200-206.
[42] HU X, LI J, WANG W, et al. Experimental testing to determine stability thresholds for partially submerged vehicles at different flow orientations[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2023, 620:129525.
[43] SINGH P, SINHA V S P, VIJHANI A, et al. Vulnerability assessment of urban road network from urban flood[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2018, 28:237-250.
[44] PYATKOVA K, CHEN A S, BUTLER D, et al. Assessing the knock-on effects of flooding on road transportation[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 244:48-60.
[45] GREEN D, YU D, PATTISON I, et al. City-scale accessibility of emergency responders operating during flood events[J]. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2017, 17(1):1-16.
[46] YIN J, YU D, YIN Z, et al. Evaluating the impact and risk of pluvial flash flood on intra-urban road network:A case study in the city center of Shanghai, China[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2016, 537:138-145.
[47] ALONSO VICARIO S, MAZZOLENI M, BHAMIDIPATI S, et al.Unravelling the influence of human behaviour on reducing casualties during flood evacuation[J]. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 2020,65(14):2359-2375.
[48] DIAKAKIS M. Types of behavior of flood victims around floodwaters.Correlation with situational and demographic factors[J].Sustainability, 2020, 12(11):4409.
[49] AERTS J C J H, BOTZEN W J, CLARKE K C, et al. Integrating human behaviour dynamics into flood disaster risk assessment[J].Nature Climate Change, 2018, 8(3):193-199.
[50] PARKER D J, PRIEST S J, TAPSELL S M. Understanding and enhancing the public’ s behavioural response to flood warning information[J]. Meteorological Applications, 2009, 16(1):103-114.
[51]王元疆,江善虎,凌子涵,等.基于降雨时空变化的山洪预警临界雨量[J].南水北调与水利科技(中英文), 2024, 22(1):90-98.WANG Y J, JIANG S H, LING Z H, et al. Critical rainfall for flash flood warning based on rainfall uncertainty[J]. South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology, 2024, 22(1):90-98.
[52] KREIBICH H, MüLLER M, SCHR?TER K, et al. New insights into flood warning reception and emergency response by affected parties[J]. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2017, 17(12):2075-2092.
[53] LEE H K, SON B H, KIM Y C, et al. Evacuation information methodology that combined a flooded environment and pedestrian behavioral model[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2024, 106:104438.
[54] ZHANG X L, CHEN Q, FALCONER R A, et al. Seleishction of optimal escape routes in a flood-prone area based on 2D hydrodynamic modelling[J]. Journal of Hydroinformatics, 2018, 20(6):1310-1322.
[55] LI B Y, HOU J M, MA Y Y, et al. A coupled high-resolution hydrodynamic and cellular automata-based evacuation route planning model for pedestrians in flooding scenarios[J]. Natural Hazards,2021, 110(1):607-628.
[56] MUSOLINO G, AHMADIAN R, XIA J, et al. Mapping the danger to life in flash flood events adopting a mechanics based methodology and planning evacuation routes[J]. Journal of Flood Risk Management,2020, 13(4):e12627.
[57] PARAJULI G, NEUPANE S, KUNWAR S, et al. A GIS-based evacuation route planning in flood-susceptible area of Siraha Municipality, Nepal[J]. ISPRS International Journal of GeoInformation, 2023, 12(7):286.
[58] BAYKAL T, TERZI S, TAYLAN E D. Examination of safe routes for emergency responders and people during urban flood:A case study of Isparta, Türkiye[J]. Natural Hazards, 2023, 119(3):1379-1397.
[59] ZHU Y, LI H, WANG Z H, et al. Optimal evacuation route planning of urban personnel at different risk levels of flood disasters based on the improved 3D Dijkstra’s algorithm[J]. Sustainability, 2022, 14(16):10250.
[60] MIZUMURA T, TAGUCHI H, NAKAMURA H. Confirming the safety improvement and evacuation time reduction effects by the method for evacuating inundated areas via the shortest possible route[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2024, 101:104252.
[61]申腾飞,侯精明,李丙尧,等.基于城市雨洪模型的长治市某城区应急救援路径规划研究[J].自然灾害学报, 2024, 33(3):67-78.SHEN Tengfei, HOU Jingming, LI Bingyao, et al. Research on emergency rescue path planning in an urban area of Changzhi City based on urban rainfall-flood model[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters,2024, 33(3):67-78.
[62] ZHANG W, ZHOU J, LIU Y, et al. Emergency evacuation planning against dike-break flood:a GIS-based DSS for flood detention basin of Jingjiang in central China[J]. Natural Hazards, 2016, 81(2):1283-1301.
[63]沈航,李梦雅,王军.风暴洪水灾害应急疏散方法研究:以浙江省玉环县为例[J].地理与地理信息科学, 2016, 32(1):122-127.SHEN Hang, LI Mengya, WANG Jun. Emergency evacuation method for strom surge floods:A case study in Yuhuan, Zhejiang[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2016, 32(1):122-127.
[64] FAHAD M G R, NAZARI R, BHAVSAR P, et al. A decisionsupport framework for emergency evacuation planning during extreme storm events[J]. Transportation Research Part D:Transport and Environment, 2019, 77:589-605.
[65] BERNARDINI G, QUAGLIARINI E, D’ ORAZIO M. Towards creating a combined database for earthquake pedestrians’ evacuation models[J]. Safety Science, 2016, 82:77-94.
[66] EVANS B, LAM A, WEST C, et al. A combined stability function to quantify flood risks to pedestrians and vehicle occupants[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2024, 908:168237.
[67] NAKANISHI H, WISE S, SUENAGA Y, et al. Simulating emergencies with transport outcomes Sim(SETOSim):Application of an agent-based decision support tool to community evacuation planning[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction,2020, 49:101657.
[68] WANG H Z, MOSTAFIZI A, CRAMER L A, et al. An agent-based model of a multimodal near-field tsunami evacuation:Decision-making and life safety[J]. Transportation Research Part C:Emerging Technologies, 2016, 64:86-100.
[69] RIAD J K, NORRIS F H, RUBACK R B. Predicting evacuation in two major disasters:Risk perception, social influence, and access to resources 1[J]. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 1999, 29(5):918-934.
[70] HONG Y, WANG L, XU D Q, et al. Gender differences in foot shape:A study of Chinese young adults[J]. Sports biomechanics,2011, 10(2):85-97.
[71] BARTOLUCCI A, MAGNI M. Survivors’ solidarity and attachment in the immediate aftermath of the typhoon Haiyan(Philippines)[J].PLoS currents, 2017, January 9:28154787.
[72] HELBING D, JOHANSSON A. Pedestrian, crowd, and evacuation dynamics[M]//ROBERT A M. Encyclopedia of complexity and System Science. California:Ramtech Limited, 2009:6476-6495.
[73]褚明华,杜晓鹤,何秉顺.我国水早灾害防御应对[J].水利发展研究, 2024, 24(8):1-8.CHU Minghua, DU Xiaohe, HE Bingshun. China's prevention and response to flood and drought disasters[J]. Water Resources Development Research, 2024, 24(8):1-8.
[74] QUAGLIARINI E, ROMANO G, BERNARDINI G. Investigating pedestrian behavioral patterns under different floodwater conditions:A video analysis on real flood evacuations[J]. Safety Science, 2023,161:106083.
[75] MAITY S, SUNDAR S. A coupled model for macroscopic behavior of crowd in flood induced evacuation[J]. Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2022, 607:128161.
[76] TRINDADE A, TEVES-COSTA P, CATITA C. A GIS-based analysis of constraints on pedestrian tsunami evacuation routes:Cascais case study(Portugal)[J]. Natural Hazards, 2018, 93(S1):169-185.
[77] YANG Y H, YIN J, WANG D D, et al. ABM-based emergency evacuation modelling during urban pluvial floods:A “7. 20” pluvial flood event study in Zhengzhou, Henan Province[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2022, 66(2):282-291.
[78] TSIOULOU A, FAURE WALKER J, LO D S, et al. A method for determining the suitability of schools as evacuation shelters and aid distribution hubs following disasters:case study from Cagayan de Oro,Philippines[J]. Natural Hazards, 2020, 105(2):1835-1859.
[79] KIM J O, LEE J K. A study on temporary shelter areas using pedestrian networks in coastal cities[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2019, 91(s1):421.
[80] CHELARIU O E, IATU C, MINEA I. A GIS-based model for flood shelter locations and pedestrian evacuation scenarios in a rural mountain catchment in Romania[J]. Water, 2022, 14(19):3074.
[81] WANG W, LI Y B, ZHANG Y, et al. Pedestrian evacuation planning under dam-break flood disaster considering road risk and road pedestrian demand[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2024, 104:104355.
[82] SAGUN A, ANUMBA C J, BOUCHLAGHEM D. Safety Issues in Building Design to Cope with Extreme Events:Case Study of an Evacuation Process[J]. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 2014,20(3):05014004.
[83] LI X T, YU H, XU H, et al. A comparative study on pedestrian flow through bottlenecks between flood evacuation and land evacuation[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2023, 95:103822.
[84] ZHONG J, LI D, JIANG K J W S, et al. Assessment of urban underground spaces inundation during extreme rainfall events[J].Water Science&Technology, 2024, 89(11):2851-2866.
[85]周天忠,钟有信,林治宇,等.复杂地铁车站多工况洪水入侵规律与人员疏散路径分析[J].水利水电技术(中英文), 2023, 54(7):27-35.ZHOU Tianzhong, ZHONG Youxin, Ll N Zhiyu, et al. Analysis of food intrusion law and personnel evacuation route of complex metrostation under multi-conditions[J]. Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, 2023, 54(7):27-35.
[86] BABA Y, ISHIGAKI T, TODA K. Experimental studies on safety evacuation from underground spaces under inundated situations[J].Journal of JSCE, 2017, 5(1):269-278.
[87] KOTANI K, ISHIGAKI T, SUZUKI S, et al. Evaluation for emergency escape during stair climbing in a simulated flood evacuation[C]//IEEE. 2012 Southeast Asian Network of Ergonomics Societies Conference(SEANES). Kedah(Malaysia):IEEE, 2012:1-5.
[88] HOU J, CHEN G, ZHANG Y, et al. A simulation study on risks of pedestrian evacuation from flooded staircases of different slopes in the underground space[J]. Natural Hazards, 2021, 110(1):519-543.
[89] SHAO W Y, JIANG L J, FANG L, et al. Assessment of the safe evacuation of people walking through flooding staircases based on numerical simulation[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A,2015, 16(2):117-130.
[90] LAWRENCE D L, LOW S M. The built environment and spatial form[J]. Annual Review of Anthropology, 1990, 19:453-505.
[91] MANNUCCI S, ROSSO F, D’ AMICO A, et al. Flood risk of open spaces:From microscale factors of built environment to risk reduction strategies[J]. Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2021, 2021:159-169.
[92] D’AMICO A, SPARVOLI G, BERNARDINI G, et al. Behaviouralbased risk of the built environment:Key performance indicators for sudden-onset disaster in urban open spaces[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2024, 103:104328.
[93] BERNARDINI G, FERREIRA T M, BAQUEDANO J P, et al.Assessing the spatiotemporal impact of users′exposure and vulnerability to flood risk in urban built environments[J].Sustainable Cities and Society, 2024, 100:105043.
[94] ZHU Z, GOU L, LIU S, et al. Effect of urban neighbourhood layout on the flood intrusion rate of residential buildings and associated risk for pedestrians[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2023, 92:104485.
[95] MUSOLINO G, AHMADIAN R, XIA J. Enhancing pedestrian evacuation routes during flood events[J]. Natural Hazards, 2022,112(3):1941-1965.
[96] BERNARDINI G, FINIZIO F, POSTACCHINI M, et al. Assessing the flood risk to evacuees in outdoor built environments and relative risk reduction strategies[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2021, 64:102493.
[97] YAMASHITA S, WATANABE R, SHIMATANI Y. Smart adaptation activities and measures against urban flood disasters[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2016, 27:175-184.
[98] GOLDSTONE R L, JANSSEN M A. Computational models of collective behavior[J]. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2005, 9(9):424-430.
[99] HELBING D, MOLNAR P. Social force model for pedestrian dynamics[J]. Physical review E, 1995, 51(5):4282-4286.
[100] BURSTEDDE C, KLAUCK K, SCHADSCHNEIDER A, et al.Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two-dimensional cellular automaton[J]. Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2001, 295(3):507-525.
[101] SALOMA C, PEREZ G J, TAPANG G, et al. Self-organized queuing and scale-free behavior in real escape panic[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2003, 100(21):11947-11952.
[102] CAO S, WANG M, ZENG G, et al. Simulation of crowd evacuation in subway stations under flood disasters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2024, 25(9):1-10.
[103] LUMBROSO D, DAVISON M. Use of an agent-based model and Monte Carlo analysis to estimate the effectiveness of emergency management interventions to reduce loss of life during extreme floods[J]. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 2016, 11(S1):S419-S433.
[104] SHIRVANI M, KESSERWANI G. Flood-pedestrian simulator for modelling human response dynamics during flood-induced evacuation:Hillsborough stadium case study[J]. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2021, 21(10):3175-3198.
[105] ZHENG Y, LI X G, JIA B, et al. Simulation of pedestrians′evacuation dynamics with underground flood spreading based on cellular automaton[J]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,2019, 94:149-161.
[106]曹淑超,王苗苗,倪捷,等.洪涝灾害下地铁站人群运动特性及疏散建模研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报, 2023, 20(12):4802-4810.CAO Shuchao, WANG Miaomiao, NI Jie, et al. Research on crowd movement characteristics and evacuation modeling insubway stations under flood disaster[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2023, 20(12):4802-4810.
[107]杜鹏飞,刘晓斐,刘贞堂,等.基于元胞自动机的极端降雨下地铁疏散模拟[J].中国安全生产科学技术, 2022, 18(12):5-11.DU Pengfei, LIU Xiaofei, LIU Zhentang, et al. Simulation of subway evacuation under extreme rainfall based on cellular automata[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2022, 18(12):5-11.
[108] BERNARDINI G, POSTACCHINI M, QUAGLIARINI E, et al. A preliminary combined simulation tool for the risk assessment of pedestrians′flood-induced evacuation[J]. Environmental Modelling&Software, 2017, 96:14-29.
[109] BERNARDINI G, ROMANO G, SOLDINI L, et al. How urban layout and pedestrian evacuation behaviours can influence flood risk assessment in riverine historic built environments[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2021, 70:102876.
[110] QUAGLIARINI E, BERNARDINI G, ROMANO G, et al.Simplified flood evacuation simulation in outdoor built environments.Preliminary comparison between setup-based generic software and custom simulator[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2022, 81:103848.
[111] SHIRVANI M, KESSERWANI G, RICHMOND P. Agent-based simulator of dynamic flood-people interactions[J]. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 2021, 14(2):e12695.
[112] SHAN S Q, GUO X S, WEI Z Y, et al. Simulation analysis of evacuation processes in a subway station based on multi-disaster coupling scenarios[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2023, 96:103998.
[113] LI Y, HU B S, ZHANG D, et al. Flood evacuation simulations using cellular automata and multiagent systems-a human-environment relationship perspective[J]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 2019, 33(11):2241-2258.
[114] NAKANISHI H, BLACK J, SUENAGA Y, et al. Investigating the flood evacuation behaviour of older people:A case study of a rural town in Japan[J]. Research in Transportation Business&Management, 2019, 30:100376.
[115] LIU X, LIM S. An agent-based evacuation model for the 2011Brisbane City-scale riverine flood[J]. Natural Hazards, 2018, 94:53-70.
[116] WANG H, MOSTAFIZI A, CRAMER L A, et al. An agent-based model of a multimodal near-field tsunami evacuation:Decisionmaking and life safety[J]. Transportation Research Part C:Emerging Technologies, 2016, 64:86-100.
[117] ZONG X L, WANG C Z, CHEN H W. An evacuation model based on co-evolutionary multi-particle swarms optimization for pedestrianvehicle mixed traffic flow[J]. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2018, 28(12):1750142.
[118] ZHANG Z, FU D C. Modeling pedestrian-vehicle mixed-flow in a complex evacuation scenario[J]. Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2022, 599:127468.
[119] LI J, CHEN D, ZHANG M. Equilibrium modeling of mixed autonomy traffic flow based on game theory[J]. Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2022, 166:110-127.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.02.002
中图分类号:TU998.4;TV87
引用信息:
[1]王晓哲,陈韬,李俊奇,等.城市洪涝中人员疏散过程特征及其模拟研究进展[J].水利水电技术(中英文),2025,56(02):15-29.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.02.002.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(52370093)
2024-10-21
2024-10-21
2024-10-21