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【目的】气候变化和城市化叠加影响下，城市洪涝灾害频发，严重制约城市安全可持续发展。依靠雨水管网等传统灰色排水设施进行雨洪管理思路不足以应对极端暴雨下的城市洪涝灾害。绿灰蓝融合系统在全球洪涝灾害防控领域逐渐得到认可，需进一步明确绿灰蓝融合系统的内涵、技术与工程实施策略等基础内容，为下一步开展韧性城市建设提供支撑。【方法】通过文献检索和分析，系统梳理绿灰蓝融合系统在布局优化和联合调度优化两个重点方向的相关研究工作和进展，对绿灰蓝融合系统概念的提出与发展、技术体系构建与应用、优化策略等重点问题进行阐述。针对现有局限和未来工程应用需求，提出了地表应急调蓄空间利用、地下重要基础设施安全防护、多部门协作等关键支撑技术，同时构建了绿灰蓝融合系统的布局优化框架和联合调度优化框架。【结果】当前布局优化研究更多集中于绿灰系统融合，将蓝色系统基础设施纳入优化的研究相对较少，且研究尺度较小、场景简单，难以反映实际系统的复杂性；优化目标更多考虑环境和经济目标，较少纳入社会和生态因素。当前联合调度优化研究多局限于小范围的地块尺度，对整个系统的关注不足，缺乏根据实际降雨-径流过程实时、自动确定多系统设施组合优化调控的方法，且未充分考虑极端情况下的应急设施。此外，布局优化和联合调度优化中均缺乏考虑城镇尺度与流域、区域尺度之间洪涝互馈效应。【结论】未来的研究需进一步完善绿灰蓝融合系统的布局优化和联合调度优化的理论框架。通过综合运用物联网、人工智能、耦合模型开发、多尺度分析、多情景模拟等技术方法并建立跨部门协作机制，促进城市面对不同强度降雨特别是极端暴雨时洪涝韧性水平的提升。
Abstract：[Objective]Under the combined impact of climate change and urbanization,urban rainstorm flood disasters occur frequently,seriously restricting urban safety and sustainable development. Relying on traditional grey infrastructure such as pipe networks for urban stormwater management is not enough to deal with urban rainstorm flood disasters under extreme rainfall events. The integration of green,grey and blue systems( GGB-integrated system) is gradually gaining recognition in the field of global flood prevention. It is necessary to further clarify the connotation,technical and engineering implementation strategies of the GGB-integrated system,to provide support for the resilient city construction. [Methods]Through literature retrieval and analysis,the relevant research and progress related to the layout optimization and joint scheduling optimization of the GGBintegrated system were systematically reviewed. In response to existing limitations and future engineering application requirements,key supporting technologies including the utilization of overground emergency storage spaces,safety protection of underground important infrastructure and multi-departmental collaboration,were proposed. A layout optimization framework and a joint scheduling framework for the GGB-integrated system were also developed. [Results]Current research on layout optimization predominantly focuses on the integration of green system and grey system,with relatively fewer studies incorporating blue system infrastructure into the optimization process. Moreover,these studies tend to be on a smaller scale with simpler scenarios,which do not fully capture the complexity of real-world systems. Additionally,optimization objective tend to prioritize environmental and economic goals, while social and ecological factors are less frequently considered. Current research on joint scheduling optimization is often limited to small-scale plots,with insufficient attention paid to the entire system. There is a deficiency in method for real-time,automated determination of optimal control strategies for combinations of multiple system facilities based on actual rainfall-runoff processes. Additionally,the application of emergency facilities during extreme conditions is not sufficiently addressed. Furthermore,both layout optimization and joint scheduling optimization lack consideration of the mute feed effect of flood and waterlogging in urban,watershed and regional scales. [Conclusion]Future research needs to improve the theoretical framework for layout optimization and joint scheduling optimization of GGB-integrated system. Through the comprehensive application of the Internet of things,artificial intelligence,coupling model development,multi-scale analysis,multi-scenario simulation,and the establishment of multi-departmental collaboration mechanisms,it can enhance the flood resilience of urban areas in response to rainfall events of varying intensities,particularly extreme rainfall events.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.07.007
中图分类号:TU992
引用信息:
[1]段亭亭,李鹏峰,邱顺添,等.城市雨洪管理中绿灰蓝融合系统的布局优化和联合调度优化:现状及未来方向（英文）[J].水利水电技术(中英文),2025,56(07):77-108.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.07.007.
基金信息:
National Key Research and Development(R&D)Program of China(2022YFC3800500); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation-Tianjin Joint Support Program(2023T006TJ); China Construction Technology Consulting Co.,Ltd.(Z2024Q02); North China Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.(2024-61-HJY)~~
2025-01-21
2025-01-21
2025-01-21