孙书腾,刘培,王光彦

• 1:河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院
• 2:海南省海洋与渔业科学院
• 3:海南热带海洋学院崖州创新研究院
• 4:江苏省工程勘测研究院有限责任公司

摘要(Abstract)：

洪涝灾害严重危害人类的生命和财产安全，洪涝灾害的应急监测对灾情评估具有重要意义。灾害发生时期往往伴随恶劣天气，针对洪涝灾害期间光学遥感数据使用受限问题，研究选取“7·20”重灾区(河南省鹤壁市浚县)灾害前后Sentinel-1、Sentinel-2多时相主被动遥感影像为数据源，有效提取洪水淹没范围，并对土地利用/覆盖类型受灾情况进行评估。首先，在对Sentinel-1A雷达数据进行多视、配准、地理编码等处理的基础上，进行阈值分割提取水体；然后，基于随机森林集成学习对灾前Sentinel-2光学影像进行地类提取；最后，结合GIS地理信息分析技术进行研究区乡镇淹没面积、淹没空间特征分析，并评估灾情影响。结果显示：(1)Sentinel-1雷达数据能够快速、有效提取受灾后水体面积，如监测到的2021年7月27日和8月8日水体面积分别为95.755 km~2和103.368 km~2。(2)Sentinel-2光学数据结合随机森林算法能够精确获取受灾前研究区土地利用/覆盖类型，精度达96.3%,能够为不同地类受灾评估提供有效支撑。(3)新镇、小河镇受灾最为严重，洪水面积均在34 km~2以上，主要原因为上游泄洪、水满溢出河堤。研究结果表明，协同多时相Sentinel-1/2主被遥感影像能够在恶劣天气条件下有效提取水淹区域，可为应急救灾提供数据支持。

关键词(KeyWords)： 主被动遥感;洪涝监测;水体提取;灾害评估;随机森林算法;GIS分析

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 热带海洋学院崖洲湾创新研究院开放课题资助(2022CXYKFKT03);; 国家自然科学基金项目(42011530174);; 海南省省本级项目(2021,2022)

作者(Author): 孙书腾,刘培,王光彦

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2022.09.003

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