陈吟,赵莹,杜鹏飞,屈丽琴,刘焕永

• 1:中国水利水电科学研究院
• 2:国际泥沙研究培训中心

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】泥流是黄土高原泥石流的一种类型，具有突发性强、破坏性大的特点，开展泥流中“泥球”的形成机理与致灾性研究具有重要的意义。【方法】结合陕西省定边县2022年7月10日的极端暴雨洪水实地调查和相关文献资料，探讨了极端暴雨情况下泥流“泥球”的演化过程、影响因素、致灾性和防治措施。【结果】结果显示：泥流“泥球”的形成主要包括重力侵蚀(物质来源)、泥流形成(动力条件)和“泥球”输移与沉积(塑造形态)三个阶段，整个过程受到黄土高原地形地貌、土体特性和水文气象等三个方面的影响，且极端暴雨洪水是泥流“泥球”形成的触发条件。【结论】研究表明：泥流中“泥球”的出现加剧了流域的水土流失，增强了泥流的破坏性和致灾性。通过在泥流的物源区和输移区采取植物措施和工程措施等防治手段，能够有效的降低泥流发生频率，减轻泥流的致灾性。研究成果对于进一步加深黄土高原地区重力侵蚀、泥流等自然灾害的认识和开展具有针对性的水土流失防治具有重要意义。

关键词(KeyWords)： 暴雨;黄土高原;重力侵蚀;泥流;泥球;降水;影响因素;致灾机理

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目“黄土高原极端暴雨土壤侵蚀致灾及蓄排协调防控机制”(U2243213);; 国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”项目“变化气候条件下极端次降雨及其土壤侵蚀评估”(2021YFE0113800);; 江西省技术创新引导类计划“农事活动影响下红壤坡地水土流失防控关键技术与应用(国家科技奖后备项目培育计划)(20212AEI91011);; 水利部水土保持业务项目“全球土壤侵蚀与江河泥沙数据收集与发布(1261523410001)

作者(Author): 陈吟,赵莹,杜鹏飞,屈丽琴,刘焕永

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2023.06.004

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