田宇欣,梁飞,李全胜,王国栋,曾胜和

• 1:新疆农垦科学院农田水利与土壤肥料研究所
• 2:农业部作物高效用水石河子科学观测实验站
• 3:新疆农业大学草业学院

摘要(Abstract)：

为了探寻不同滴灌定额对玉米根系空间分布特征的影响,本文通过设置不同灌溉定额,对比分析不同灌溉量下玉米根系生长发育、空间分布及玉米地上部的变化特征。试验于2014—2016年进行,共设置4个处理方案:滴灌4 200 m~3/hm~2、4 800 m~3/hm~2、5 400 m~3/hm~2和6 000 m~3/hm~2,通过田间对比试验研究不同灌溉定额下,玉米根系特征及产量的变化。研究表明根系长度随着滴灌量的增加呈现出"先降低后增加的趋势";滴灌玉米的主要根系分布范围为水平0～25 cm、垂直0～15 cm的椭圆形范围内,灌溉量的增加使得下层根表面积、根重量增加,根系外移,椭球体体积增大。玉米产量随着灌溉量增加呈单峰型增长趋势,以籽粒平均产量为依变量(y),滴灌量为自变量(x),根据产量得到回归方程为y=-0.001 7x~2+17.785x-30 393,R~2=0.741 3;理论上滴灌量(x)为5 230 m~3/hm~2时,滴灌玉米每公顷产量(y)最高为16 122.6 kg。本研究表明随着灌溉量的增加,玉米产量呈现出增长趋势,且滴灌量过大与过小均影响玉米产量提高,本试验中最佳滴灌量为4 600～5 500 m~3/hm~2。

关键词(KeyWords)： 膜下滴灌;玉米根系;产量

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 兵团中青年领军人才计划(2018CB026);; 兵团科技攻关与成果转化项目(2016AC008);; 国家自然科学基金资助项目(31460550)

作者(Author): 田宇欣,梁飞,李全胜,王国栋,曾胜和

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2021.12.021

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