薄会娟,董晓华,魏冲,章程炎,陈玲

• 1:湖北水利水电职业技术学院
• 2:三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心
• 3:三峡大学水利与环境学院
• 4:温州市温瑞平水系管理中心

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】磷滞留对河流和水库系统,尤其是富磷水库流域的生态环境安全影响很大。【方法】通过构建SWAT模型,分析了黄柏河上游玄庙观水库流域2014—2018年河流总磷(TP)的滞留量和滞留率时空分布格局,并采用冗余分析对影响因素进行定性分析。【结果】结果显示:(1)SWAT模型能很好地模拟磷矿开采区的TP负荷,率定期和验证期的NSE分别是0.86和0.82, PBIAS分别是12.54%和13.42%, R~2分别是0.88和0.82, RSR分别是0.37和0.42。(2)多年尺度上,水库的滞留率(53.72%)要大于河流的滞留率(最大值38.11%),支流的滞留率(18.88%)要大于干流的滞留率(8.46%)。而随着时间尺度的变小(年或月尺度),滞留过程变化较大,甚至会呈现“源”效应。(3)河流滞留率和滞留量与坡长呈显著正相关;水库月尺度滞留率与入库流量和出入库流量比呈显著正相关。【结论】结果表明:磷矿开采流域大量的磷流失会滞留在河流水库系统中,特定条件下会成为新的磷源,应采取措施应对内源污染。研究结果可为富磷流域的磷污染防治提供参考。

关键词(KeyWords)： 富磷流域;磷滞留;磷流失;水库流域;SWAT模型;影响因素

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(42401030);; 湖北省建设科技计划项目(JK2024029);; 校级博士专项(HBSYBSZX202404)

作者(Author): 薄会娟,董晓华,魏冲,章程炎,陈玲

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2026.01.010

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