谢宗旭,杨汉波,吕华芳

• 1:清华大学水利水电工程系水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

降雨动能是土壤侵蚀的重要影响因素,已有研究拟合了降雨动能KE与降雨强度I(简称雨强)的多种经验关系模型,但缺少相应的理论分析。为揭示降雨动能与雨强的理论关系,基于雨滴谱的Gamma分布,推求了降雨动能与雨强关系的理论公式KE=AI~m,其中A与m为参数;并利用清华大学榆林生态水文观测站设立的德国OTT Parsivel-2雨滴谱仪2018年6月10日—8月10日及2019年6月10日—8月10日的观测数据,对理论公式进行分析。结果表明:该理论公式能很好地描述该地区降雨动能与雨强的关系,该关系受降雨特性及环境条件影响;参数A与雨滴密度、降雨形状因子、环境条件因子及雨滴形变程度相关,m与降雨形状因子和雨滴形变程度相关,由榆林站实测数据分析得出A的变化范围为2.7～12.8,m的变化范围为1.2～1.6。研究还发现,已有的经验关系可以表示为该理论公式在不同参数取值下的近似。

关键词(KeyWords)： 雨滴谱仪;降雨强度;降雨动能;雨滴直径分布

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(51622903,51809147);; 水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室自主课题(2017-KY-01)

作者(Author): 谢宗旭,杨汉波,吕华芳

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2021.01.002

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