徐祎凡,陈炼钢,赖正清,何常清,金秋,陈黎明

• 1:南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室
• 2:南京师范大学
• 3:江苏省城镇化和城乡规划研究中心

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】为厘清流域面源污染源结构、精细化解析面源污染负荷时空特征，【方法】以SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)流域面源污染模型为基础，选取代表性水文系列，结合入库污染负荷计算模型，构建了污染负荷量及入库强度的面源污染关键源区识别技术流程，并在数据条件较为完备的沙河水库流域进行验证。【结果】结果表明：沙河水库流域总氮(Total Nitrogen, TN)入库负荷总量为198.34 t/a,面源污染占比为86.53%,流域内茶园TN负荷量贡献率最大，占比为23.84%;TN负荷量在丰水年和特丰水年比枯水年上升58.06%和289.09%,在年内丰水期TN月均负荷量比平水期和枯水期分别高出75.24%和372.51%;河道削减TN负荷量为33.58 t/a,削减比例为14.48%;子流域TN入库产污强度变化范围为0.36～4.73 t/km~2。面源污染排放入库低值区主要位于流域南部，高值区主要位于近库区域，沙河西和沙河东控制分区单位面积TN入库强度显著高于流域南部。【结论】针对高产污地类、高产污区域及高产污时段应提高面源污染防控力度；建立的技术流程可有效识别和科学解析流域面源污染关键源区，为流域水环境开展面源污染防治和生态适应性开发提供一定技术支持，使相关工作开展更加有的放矢。

关键词(KeyWords)： 面源污染;SWAT模型;总氮;特征识别;沙河水库

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3209001);; 广西重点研发计划(AB22035075,AB22080093)

作者(Author): 徐祎凡,陈炼钢,赖正清,何常清,金秋,陈黎明

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.03.013

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