张尚弘,姜琪,唐彩红,岳子琪

• 1:华北电力大学水利与水电工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】大坝和水库等水利工程的修建在带来防洪减灾效益的同时，也给所在区域的水生生物栖息繁衍带来了一定影响，诊断关键水生生物的生态流量对大坝下游的生态环境修复工作具有重要意义。【方法】以黄河下游花园口河段为例，探讨了小浪底水库运行下不同流量情景下的黄河鲤栖息地质量情况，并由此推求黄河鲤的生态流量。基于栖息地模拟法，通过构建耦合栖息地适宜度模型的二维水动力模型，分析了黄河鲤鱼苗期、亲鱼期的栖息地适宜度指数空间分布，分别建立了黄河鲤两个生命阶段流量与栖息地加权可用面积关系曲线。【结果】结果表明：随着模拟流量的增大，黄河鲤不同生命阶段的栖息地适宜度指数空间分布及栖息地加权可用面积呈现先增加，达到峰值后逐渐减小的变化规律。【结论】黄河下游花园口河段的最小生态流量为1 150 m~3/s,适宜生态流量为1 450 m~3/s,最适宜生态流量为3 000 m~3/s,研究成果加深了对大流量情景下黄河鲤栖息地质量的认识，对黄河下游生态保护与修复具有重要意义。

关键词(KeyWords)： 生态流量;栖息地模型;黄河流域;黄河鲤;小浪底水库

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(U2243236,52061135104);; 中国空间技术研究院CAST创新基金

作者(Author): 张尚弘,姜琪,唐彩红,岳子琪

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2024.04.014

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