中等排放情景下中国未来不同强度降雨变化及其对总降雨贡献的预估(2006—2100年)Pre-estimation on variations of rainfalls with different intensities and their contributions to total rainfall under emission scenarios in China from 2006 to 2100
孔锋,王一飞,方建,吕丽莉
摘要(Abstract):
为探究中国整体和不同区域的不同强度降雨雨量及其对总降雨雨量贡献率的变化趋势,采用RCP6.0中等排放情景下2006—2100年WRF 30 km×30 km日值降水数据,根据中国气象局颁布的降水强度等级划分标准进行研究。结果表明:(1)在降雨雨量上,中等排放情景下2006—2100年中国小雨减少,强降雨增加。在降雨雨量贡献率上,小雨和中雨对总降雨的贡献率呈减少趋势,其他五种强降雨对总降雨的贡献率在增加,说明强降雨增加,降雨朝着极端化方向发展。暴雨对总暴雨的贡献率呈增加趋势,而大暴雨和特大暴雨对总暴雨的贡献率呈减少趋势,总暴雨对总降雨贡献率的增加是由于暴雨的增加起了关键作用。(2)在不同分区上,北方、东北和西藏地区不同强度降雨均呈增加趋势;东南和西南地区除小雨外均呈增加趋势;西北东部地区仅小雨、大暴雨和特大暴雨呈增加趋势;西北西部地区仅小雨、中雨和总降雨呈增加趋势。在降雨雨量贡献率上,北方和西藏地区除小雨外均呈增加趋势;东北、东南和西南地区除小雨和中雨外均呈增加趋势;西北东部地区仅小雨呈增加趋势;西北西部地区仅小雨和中雨呈增加趋势。(3)在不同强度暴雨对总暴雨贡献率上,七大分区中的特大暴雨对总暴雨的贡献率除西北西部变化趋势不显著外,其他分区均呈不同程度的增加趋势。所得成果为类似研究提供参考。
关键词(KeyWords): RCP6.0;WRF模式;动力降尺度;降雨预估;降雨等级;降雨贡献率;区域差异;全球气候变化
基金项目(Foundation): 中亚大气科学研究基金“中亚地区暴雨时空变化及其影响因素诊断”(CAAS201804);; 国家自然科学基金面上项目“北京城市热岛效应与强降水事件的关系研究”(41775078);; 气象软科学自主项目“新常态下中国自然灾害风险时空格局和综合防灾减灾工作的现状、趋势、挑战及战略对策范式研究”(2017[36])
作者(Author): 孔锋,王一飞,方建,吕丽莉
DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2017.12.003
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