孔存芝,周智奇,孙涛,姜玉杰,南骁聪,朱星,曾鹏

• 1:山东高速四川产业发展有限公司
• 2:山东高速云南发展有限公司
• 3:山东高速工程检测有限公司山东省高速公路技术和安全评估重点实验室
• 4:地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室(成都理工大学)

摘要(Abstract)：

岩体原始裂隙的扩展、贯通是导致岩体失稳破坏的重要原因。基于此，开展了含不同角度裂缝的细砂岩试验研究。采用MTS刚性压力机对其进行加载，利用声发射监测系统对加载全过程进行实时探测，对其损伤过程岩体耗散能、弹性应变能、损伤变量及声发射信号频率、能量特征及失稳破坏前兆信息进行研究。结果表明：(1)在耗散能的驱动下岩体发生损伤破坏，宏观裂纹的形成相比微裂纹的孕育、萌生需要更大的耗散能。在宏观裂纹形成时岩体储能能力丧失，弹性应变能急剧下降，损伤达到最大。(2)当细砂岩体产生小尺度损伤破裂时会伴随着高频、低能的声发射信号，当岩体裂纹扩展、贯通形成大尺度宏观裂纹时会伴随低频、高能的声发射信号产生。可将低频、高能的声发射信号作为岩体破坏的前兆信号。(3)声发射累积能量、声发射累积振铃计数的变异系数在细砂岩体临近破坏时具有响应特征，表现为变异系数的大幅突增，大幅突增点出现于岩石破坏时间的73%以上、破坏应力的60%以上，具有较好的时效性，且出现点大致位于弹性阶段末至不可逆的塑性变形阶段具有一定的物理意义，可将其变异系数产生明显增大作为岩体损伤破坏向失稳破坏转变的前兆信息。该研究可为隧道、采矿等变形历程短、突发性强的工程监测预警提供有益参考。

关键词(KeyWords)： 能量释放;声发射;能量-频率特征;变异系数;前兆信息

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 山东省交通运输厅科技计划(2019B38);; 四川省科技计划项目(2019YJ0534)

作者(Author): 孔存芝,周智奇,孙涛,姜玉杰,南骁聪,朱星,曾鹏

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2022.06.015

参考文献(References)：

• [1] WANG Y,FENG W K,WANG H J.Rock bridge fracturing characteristics in granite induced by freeze-thaw and uniaxial deformation revealed by AE monitoring and post-test CT scanning [J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2020:18.
• [2] ZHANG Zhenghu,DENG Jianhui.A new method for determining the crack classification criterion in acoustic emission parameter analysis[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2020,130:104323.
• [3] 刘希灵，刘周，李夕兵，等.劈裂荷载下的岩石声发射及微观破裂特性[J].工程科学学报，2019,41(11):1422-1432.LIU Xiling,LIU Zhou,LI Xibing,et al.Acoustic emission and micro-rupture characteristics of rocks under Brazilian splitting load[J].Chinese Journal ofEngineering,2019,41(11):1422-1432.
• [4] 谭嘉诺，王斌，冯涛，等.单轴压缩条件下加锚砂岩声发射特性及其与岩爆的联系[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2021,52(8):2828-2838.TAN Jianuo,WANG Bin,FENG Tao,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics of anchored sandstone under uniaxial compression and its correlation with rock burst [J].Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2021,52(8):2828-2838.
• [5] DU Kun,LI Xiaofeng,TAO Ming,et al.Experimental study on acoustic emission (AE) characteristics and crack classification during rock fracture in several basic lab tests [J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2020,133:104411.
• [6] 张保良，沈宝堂，张金虎，等.脆性类岩石材料边缘裂纹扩展规律试验研究[J].采矿与岩层控制工程学报，2020,2(3):63-72.ZHANG Baoliang,SHEN Baotang,ZHANG Jinhu,et al.Experimental study of edge-opened cracks propagation in rock-like materials [J].Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering,2020,2(3):63-72.
• [7] ZHANG Shichun,LI Yangyang,LIU Hui,et al.Experimental investigation of crack propagation behavior and failure characteristics of cement in filled rock [J].Construction and Building,2021,266(3):121735.
• [8] 张艳博，于光远，田宝柱，等.花岗岩破裂过程声发射主频多元前兆信息识别[J].采矿与安全工程学报，2017,34(2):355-362.ZHANG Yanbo,YU Guangyuan,TIAN Baozhu,et al.Identification of multiple precursor information of acoustic emission dominant frequency in the process of granite failure [J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2017,34 (2):355-362.
• [9] 唐巨鹏，郝娜，潘一山，等.基于声发射能量分析的煤与瓦斯突出前兆特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报，2021,40(1):31-42.TANG Jupeng,HAO Na,PAN Yishan,et al.Experimenta1 study on precursor characteristics of coal and gas outbursts based on acoustic emission energy analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2021,40 (1):31-42.
• [10] LI Dexing,WANG Enyuan,KONG Xiangguo,et al.Damage precursor of construction rocks under uniaxial cyclic loading tests analyzed by acoustic emission[J].Construction and Building Materials,2019,206(10):169-178.
• [11] ZHANG Zhenghu,LI Yingchun,HU Lihua,et al.Predicting rock failure with the critical slowing down theory [J].Engineering Geology,2021,280:105960.
• [12] 王亚飞，柴文革，宋义敏.拉剪作用下岩石变形破坏演化的声发射特征研究[J].矿业研究与开发，2021,41(2):74-80.WANG Yafei,CHAI Wenge,SONG Yimin.Study on AE characteristic of rock deformation and failure evolution under tension shear [J].Mining Research and Development,2021,41(2):74-80.
• [13] ZHANG Xin,LI Zhonghui,NIU Yue,et al.An experimental study on the precursory characteristics of EP before sandstone failure based on critical slowing down [J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2019,170:103818.
• [14] 甘一雄，吴顺川，何一林，等.五老峰隧道岩爆声发射参数特征研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术，2020,16(4):76-81.GAN Yixiong,WU Shunchuan,HE Yilin,et al.Research on characteristics of AE parameters for rock burst in Wulaofeng tunnel[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2020,16(4):76-81.
• [15] 张科，叶锦明，刘享华.冻融循环作用下受荷砂岩的能量演化与破碎分形特征[J].中国安全生产科学技术，2021,17(8):111-116.ZHANG Ke,YE Jinming,LIU Xianghua.Energy evolution and fractured fractal characteristics of loaded sandstone under freeze-thaw cycles[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2021,17(8):111-116.
• [16] 谢和平，鞠杨，黎立云.基于能量耗散与释放原的岩石强度与整体破坏准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报，2005(17):3003-3010.XIE Heping,JU Yang,LI Liyun.Criteria for strength and structural failure of rocks based on energy dissipation and energy release principles.[J] Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005(17):3003-3010.
• [17] 徐颖，李成杰，郑强强，等.循环加卸载下泥岩能量演化与损伤特性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报，2019,38(10):2084-2091.XU Ying,LI Chengjie,ZHENG Qiangqiang,et al.Analysis of energy evolution and damage characteristics of mudstone under cyclic loading and unloading [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2019,38(10):2084-2091.
• [18] JIN J,CAO P,CHEN Y,et al.Influence of single flaw on the failure process and energy mechanics of rock-like material [J].Computers and Geotechnics,2017,86(6):150-162.
• [19] 张萍，杨春和，汪虎，等.页岩单轴压缩应力-应变特征及能量各向异性[J].岩土力学，2018,39(6):2106-2114.ZHANG Ping,YANG Chunhe,WANG Hu,et al.Stress-strain characteristics and anisotropy energy of shale under uniaxial compression [J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(6):2106-2114.
• [20] KANG Y,LIU H,AZIZ M A,et al.A wavelet transform method for studying the energy distribution characteristics of microseismicities associated rock failure [J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition),2019,6(6):631-64 6.
• [21] WEI J,JIA B,WEN Z,et al.Study on precursory characteristic s of granite failure based on infrasonic energy [J].Results in Physics,2017,7:2925-2932.
• [22] 宫宇新，何满潮，汪政红，等.岩石破坏声发射时频分析算法与瞬时频率前兆研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报，2013,32(4):787-799.GONG Yuxun,HE Manchao,WANG Zhenghong,et al.Research on time-frequency analysis algorithm and instantaneous frequency precursors for acoustic emission data from rock failure experiment [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(4):787-799.
• [23] 陈国庆，唐鹏，李光明，等.岩桥直剪试验声发射频谱特征及主破裂前兆分析[J].岩土力学，2019,40(5):1649-1656.CHEN Guoqing,TANG Peng,LI Guangming,et al.Analysis of acoustic emission frequency spectrum characteristics and main fracture precursor of rock bridge in direct shear test[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2019,40(5):1649-1656.
• [24] 郭亚军，易平涛，李玲玉.基于随机模拟的综合评价方法及应用[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2010,31(10):1499-1503.GUO Yajun,YI Pingtao,LI Lingyu.Comprehensive evaluation method based on stochastic simulation and its application [J].Journal of Northeast University(Natural Science),2010,31(10):1499-1503.