耿会岭,赵卫全,赵永刚,杨晓东,于凡

• 1:中国水利水电科学研究院
• 2:流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室
• 3:中水淮河规划设计研究有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】雨、雪、波浪、风等作用常会引起土壤侵蚀。生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术(MICP/EICP)由于环境友好的特点已成为岩土和地质领域的研究热点之一。为了探究MICP/EICP在土壤抗侵蚀性方面的效果，【方法】介绍了MICP/EICP的矿化过程，基于现有成果总结了MICP/EICP改善不同类型土壤侵蚀效果。【结果】结果显示：对于土壤适应性，MICP处理粗砂的无侧限抗压强度和CaCO_3含量高于EICP,而在粉细砂中结果相反。对于遇水崩解特性，MICP改性黏土中25μm以下颗粒质量减少，75～250μm颗粒质量分数增加，团聚体变大，有效降低了黏土、黄土、黏性紫色土崩解速率和崩解率。对于波浪侵蚀特性，随喷洒固化次数由1增加到4,海岸砂质边坡侵蚀速率呈对数下降，固化18次后，30次潮汐变化下坡角几乎不变。对于切向水流侵蚀特性，1 g/L的黄原胶溶液结合MICP固化2次的样品和0.5 mol/L胶结液结合掺入0.2%纤维所得到的固化土的抗侵蚀性优于单纯高剂量MICP处理的结果。对于风蚀，MICP固化时，0.25 mol/L胶结液可达到抗风蚀效果，而EICP反应较快应加入抑制剂。对于多次干湿和冻融循环侵蚀，MICP/EICP处理试样的强度和侵蚀量都好于未处理试样，EICP处理砂土样的耐久性效果不如MICP明显。【结论】结果表明：MICP适用于粗粒土，生成的CaCO_3整体性好；EICP脲酶分子小，工艺简单，可应用于细粒土中，但生成的CaCO_3较松散。MICP/EICP作用可有效降低细粒土的遇水崩解特性，有效降低海岸砂质边坡的波浪侵蚀，与纤维或生聚物结合可改善固化土的脆性，抵抗切向水流的侵蚀。低浓度的胶结液配方即可抵抗风蚀。MICP/EICP可提高固化土的耐久性。

关键词(KeyWords)： MICP;EICP;土壤侵蚀;影响因素;水土保持;气候变化;力学性能;碳达峰

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFC1509800);; 引江济淮公司科研项目(YJJH-ZT-ZX-20221130515);; 中国水科院科研专项(EM0145B182020)

作者(Author): 耿会岭,赵卫全,赵永刚,杨晓东,于凡

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2024.03.002

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