时红,熊强强,才硕,张铭,孙占学

• 1:东华理工大学
• 2:江西省灌溉试验中心站
• 3:扬州大学
• 4:日本地质调查综合中心

摘要(Abstract)：

水分胁迫会影响水稻的产量及其生长。为了提高水稻对逆境的适应性并探讨其相关生理机制，设置了分蘖期干旱适应性锻炼处理，探讨了拔节-孕穗期继续干旱和淹涝耐受性的产量形成以及生理变化。结果表明，分蘖期经过干旱锻炼处理后持续干旱处理(D+D)水稻产量比在分蘖期不经过干旱锻炼处理但是后期经过干旱处理后(ND+D)的水稻产量高10.92%,而在分蘖期经过干旱锻炼处理后期进行淹涝处理后(D+S)的水稻产量比在水稻分蘖期不经过干旱锻炼处理且后期淹涝处理后(ND+S)的水稻产量高19.91%。干旱锻炼后进行淹涝处理(D+S)较不干旱锻炼后进行淹劳处理(ND+S)的净光合速率、蒸腾速率显著性提高，分别提高10.6%、26.69%。ND+D处理的Fv/Fm较D+D处理显著降低3.67%。D+D处理的可溶性糖含量较ND+D处理下降9.36%,但差异不显著。D+S处理的可溶性糖含量较ND+S处理高21.41%,无显著性差异。经过干旱适应性锻炼的水稻植株，后期再进行干旱处理或者淹涝处理时，SOD、POD、CAT活性、总抗氧化力(T-AOC)均有不同程度的升高，MDA content和H_2O_2 content不同程度降低，进一步保护水稻植株受到伤害。因此，分蘖期进行干旱适应性锻炼处理在一定程度上能够增强水稻对后期水分胁迫的适应能力，研究结果可为干旱或洪涝灾害的水稻生产实践提供指导。

关键词(KeyWords)： 分蘖期;干旱;淹涝处理;产量;生理机制;水分胁迫;蒸腾;洪涝

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960377);; Projects of Water Science and Technology of Jiangxi Province(202124ZDKT29,202123BZKT04,202123BZKT05,201820YBKT24,KT201630)~~

作者(Author): 时红,熊强强,才硕,张铭,孙占学

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2022.06.004

参考文献(References)：

• [1] YANG Jing,CHEN Liang,CHEN Xia.Water resources supporting problems of food security in China[J].Journal of Hebei University of Economics and Business,2013,34(6):70-76.
• [2] WANG Lijuan,GAO Longlong.The spatial and temporal distribution of the spring persistent rains and circulation differences between its drought and flood years[J].Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences,2017,40 (3):310-320.
• [3] XIONG Qiangqiang,SHEN Tianhua,ZHONG Lei,et al.Comprehensive metabolomic,proteomic and physiological analyses of grain yield reduction in rice under abrupt drought-flood alternation stress[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2019,167(4):564-584.
• [4] XIONG Qiangqiang,CAO Chaohao,SHEN Tianhua,et al.Comprehensive metabolomic and proteomic analysis in biochemical metabolic pathways of rice spikes under drought and submergence stress[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Proteins and Proteomics,2019,1867:237-247.
• [5] BOWLER C,FLUHR R.The role of calcium and activated oxygens as signals for controlling cross-tolerance[J].Trends in plant science,2000,5(6):241-246.
• [6] LI Ping,YANG Hong,WANG Lu,et al.Physiological and transcriptome analyses reveal short-term responses and formation of memory under drought stress in rice[J].Frontiers in genetics,2019,10:55.
• [7] MA Dehua,PANG Jinan,HUO Zhenrong,et al.Effects of temperature stress acclimation on some physiological characters in leaves of cucumber seedlings[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,1998,25(4):350-355.
• [8] MA Dehua,PANG Jinan,HUO Zhenrong,et al.Effect of high temperature on membrane lipid peroxidation in leaf of cucumber seedling[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2000,20(1):141-144.
• [9] LIU Jianxin,LIU Xiuli,WANG Jincheng.Comprehensive evaluation and physiological response of Avena nuda seedlings to drought and low temperature cross adaptation[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2018,36(4):172-177.
• [10] ZHU Jinfang,XIA Jiangbao,LU Zhaohua,et al.Growth,physiological and biochemical characteristics of tamarix chinensis seedlings under salt-drought intercross stress[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinic,2012,32(1):124-130.
• [11] DWNG Tuo,ZHANG Jinlong,FENG Jinian,et al.Elicitation effect of chitosan on cold tolerance of walnut tree under cold stress[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2016,31(1):60-64.
• [12] QIU Nianwei,YANG Cuicui,FU Wencheng,et al.Protective effect of exogenous proline on PSII particles under high salinity and high temperature stresses[J].Plant Physiology Journal Plant Physiology Journal,2013,49 (6):586-590.
• [13] LIU Yinuo,AO Man,LI Bo,et al.Effect of ultraviolet-B(UV-B) radiation on plant growth and development and its application value[J].Soils and Crops,2020,9(2):191-202.
• [14] WANG Xiao,VIGNJEVIC M,LIU Fulai,et al.Drought priming at vegetative growth stages improves tolerance to drought and heat stresses occurring during grain filling in spring wheat[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2015,75(3):677-687.
• [15] LIU S,LI X,LARSEN D H,et al.Drought priming at vegetative growth stage enhances nitrogen-use efficiency under post-anthesis drought and heat stress in wheat[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2017,203(1):29-40.
• [16] LI Xiangnan,HENRIK B T,JIANG Dong,et al.Drought priming at vegetative stage improves the antioxidant capacity and photosynthesis performance of wheat exposed to a short-term low temperature stress at jointing stage[J].Plant and Soil,2015,393(1/2):307-318.
• [17] LYU Houquan,ZHANG Yushu,LI Maosong,et al.Grade of agricultural drought:GB/T32136—2015[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2016.
• [18] LIAO Xiaojun,XIONG Jiansheng,ZENG Jingfu,et al.Rescue technical regulations of flooded rice:DB36T912—2016[S].Nanchang:Jiangxi Provincial Bureau of Technical Quality Supervision,2016.
• [19] HENDRICKSON L,FURBANK R T,CHOW W S.A simple alternative approach to assessing the fate of absorbed light energy using chlorophyll fluorescence[J].Photosynthesis research,2004,82(1):73-81.
• [20] CABRERA-BOSQUET L,ALBRIZIO R,ARAUS J L,et al.Photosynthetic capacity of field-grown durum wheat under different N availabilities:A comparative study from leaf to canopy[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2009,67(1):145-152.
• [21] GARCíA-TRIANA A,ZENTENO-SAVíN T,PEREGRINO-URIARTE A B,et al.Hypoxia,reoxygenation and cytosolic manganese superoxide dismutase (cMnSOD) silencing in Litopenaeus vannamei:effects on cMnSOD transcripts,superoxide dismutase activity and superoxide anion production capacity[J].Developmental & Comparative Immunology,2010,34(11):1230-1235.
• [22] WANG Li,WANG Yifan,WANG Xiye,et al.Regulation of POD activity by pelargonidin during vegetative growth in radish (Raphanus sativus L.)[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2014,174:105-111.
• [23] SIMA Y H,YAO Jinmei,HOU Yisheng,et al.Variations of hydrogen peroxide and catalase expression in Bombyx eggs during diapause initiation and termination[J].Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology,2011,77(2):72-80.
• [24] CAMPION E M,LOUGHRAN S T,WALLS D.Protein quantitation and analysis of purity[J].Methods in molecular biology,2017,1485:225-255.
• [25] CASTREJóN S E,YATSIMIRSKY A K.Cyclodextrin enhanced fluorimetric determination of malonaldehyde by the thiobarbituric acid method[J].Talanta,1997,44(6):951-957.
• [26] VIEIRA S M,SILVA T M,GLóRIA M B A.Influence of processing on the levels of amines and proline and on the physico-chemical characteristics of concentrated orange juice[J].Food Chemistry,2010,119(1):7-11.
• [27] BODELóN O G,BLANCH M,SANCHEZ-BALLESTA M,et al.The effects of high CO2 levels on anthocyanin composition,antioxidant activity and soluble sugar content of strawberries stored at low non-freezing temperature[J].Food Chem,2010,122(3):673-678.
• [28] FINOCCHIARO F,FERRARI B,GIANINETTI A,et al.Characterization of antioxidant compounds of red and white rice and changes in total antioxidant capacity during processing[J].Molecular nutrition & food research,2007,51(8):1006-1019.
• [29] HAMDANI S,KHAN N,PERVEEN S,et al.Changes in the photosynthesis properties and photoprotection capacity in rice (Oryza sativa) grown under red,blue,or white light[J].Photosynthesis research,2019,139(1):107-121.
• [30] HAN Tingshen,WU Qiong,HOU Xinghui,et al.Frequent introgressions from diploid species contribute to the adaptation of the tetraploid Shepherd’s purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris)[J].Molecular Plant,2015,8(3):427-438.
• [31] CAO Wenxin,WAN Yingxiu,ZHANG Qiqi,et al.Study on Change Laws of Cold Tolerance in Wheat under Drought Stress[J].Agricultural Science & Technology,2016,17(8):1862.
• [32] XIONG Qiangqiang,ZHONG Lei,DU Jie,et al.Ribosome profiling reveals the effects of nitrogen application translational regulation of yield recovery after abrupt drought--flood alternation in rice[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2020,155:42-58.
• [33] SHAHZAD Ali,XU Yueyue,JIA Qianmin,et al.Interactive effects of plastic film mulching with supplemental irrigation on winter wheat photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence and yield under simulated precipitation conditions[J].Agricultural Water Management,2018,207:1-14.
• [34] ZHANG Zhi,TARIQ A,ZENG Feng,et al.Involvement of soluble proteins in growth and metabolic adjustments of drought-stressed Calligonum mongolicum seedlings under nitrogen addition[J].Plant Biology,2021,23(1):32-43.
• [35] FAROOQ M,NAWAZ A,CHAUDHRY M A M,et al.Improving resistance against terminal drought in bread wheat by exogenous application of proline and gamma-aminobutyric acid[J].Journal of agronomy and crop science,2017,203(6):464-472.
• [36] IGNATENKO A,TALANOVA V,REPKINA N,et al.Exogenous salicylic acid treatment induces cold tolerance in wheat through promotion of antioxidant enzyme activity and proline accumulation[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2019,41(6):1-10.
• [37] BOWLER C,FLUHR R.The role of calcium and activated oxygens as signals for controlling cross-tolerance[J].Trends in Plant Science,2000,5(6):241-246.
• [38] JIA Chunhua,YU Xiaojing,ZHANG Min,et al.Application of melatonin-enhanced tolerance to high-temperature stress in cherry radish (Raphanus sativus L.var.radculus pers)[J].Journal of Plant Growth Regulation,2020,39(2):631-640.
• [39] ZANDALINAS S I,MITTLER R,BALFAGóN D,et al.Plant adaptations to the combination of drought and high temperatures[J].Physiologia plantarum,2018,162(1):2-12.