李保琦,张楚楚,周毓彦,丁红,吕航,常诚,燕玉亮

• 1:石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院
• 2:中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室
• 3:黑龙江省水利科学研究院
• 4:吉林大学

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】季节性冻土的冻融循环过程显著影响了流域水循环和冻土层的演变。明晰冻融过程演变规律,为保障季节性冻土区生态及水利水电工程的建设和运行管理提供理论支撑。【方法】基于我国东北部典型季节性冻土区的10个气象站和冻土观测站数据,分析1960—2020年冻融指数的时空分布特征,计算了最大冻结深度、冻结开始日期、完全融化日期、冻融期、冻土退化速率,并结合气候(年平均气温、冻结温度变化率、冻结指数、融化指数)及地理参数(经纬度、海拔),利用相关性分析评估1960—2023年典型季节性冻土区最大冻结深度、冻土退化速率与冻融状态的影响。【结果】我国东北部典型季节性冻土区冻结指数以55.10℃·d/10 a的速率减小,融化指数以60.80℃·d/10 a的速率增加。60 a间最大冻结深度范围为68.00～260.00 cm,冻土退化速率范围为0.07～1.45 cm/a,开始冻结日期推迟速率为1.15 d/10 a,完全融化日期以4.71 d/10 a的速率显著提前,冻融期以5.60 d/10 a的速率缩短。【结论】冻结指数与纬度的相关性大,而融化指数与海拔相关性强。我国东北部典型季节性冻土区最大冻结深度主要受年平均气温和纬度影响,冻土退化主要受冻结温度变化率影响,冻融期显著受年平均气温影响。

关键词(KeyWords)： 冻融特征;时空演变;影响因素;贡献分解;季节性冻土区

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0207-02);; 国家自然科学基金项目(51909275,42172267);; 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室开放研究基金项目(IWHR-SKL-KF202316,IWHR-SKLKF202204);; 2022年度中国科协科技智库青年人才计划(20220615ZZ07110156);; 青海省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY020)

作者(Author): 李保琦,张楚楚,周毓彦,丁红,吕航,常诚,燕玉亮

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2024.08.015

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