王莹,杨玫,庞海熔,原世帆

• 1:太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】为了探讨不同分辨率DEM数据下河网提取的最佳集水面积阈值，以及阈值对流域水文信息的影响，【方法】以山西省为研究区域，基于四种分辨率(12.5、30.0、90.0、1 000.0 m)的DEM数据，利用Arc GIS提取河网并划分流域，采用河网密度法及与实际河网叠加分析，确定最佳阈值，并探讨阈值对流域水文信息的影响。【结果】结果显示：(1)12.5 m DEM下，当阈值大于10.000 km~2时，河网级别、河道数、各级河道长均趋于稳定，河网分为6级，与实际河网分级相同，当阈值为18.750 km~2时，河道总长约29 024 km,接近实际河网。(2)四种分辨率最终确定的最佳阈值分别为18.750 km~2、22.500 km~2、28.350 km~2、40.000 km~2,提取河网与实际河网最为接近。【结论】结果表明：(1)随着阈值增大，河网变稀疏，河源数、河道数、河道总长呈现不同程度的减少，阈值过大会导致主要河道缺失，河网长度缩短，无法准确地呈现出河网情况。(2)河网提取受DEM分辨率的影响较小，而受阈值影响较为明显。(3)与90.0 m和1 000.0 m分辨率的DEM相比，12.5 m和30.0 m分辨率的DEM在最佳阈值范围内提取的河网与实际河网吻合度更高，因此更准确的河网信息需要较高分辨率DEM提供。(4)阈值对流域划分有较大影响，随着阈值的增大，子流域数量减少，子流域面积增大，子流域边界变得更为简单，总流域面积反而减少。因此，在选择最佳阈值时，需根据实际应用目的进行确定，并进行对比修正。不同分辨率的DEM数据需要采用相应的最佳阈值来提取河网，以保证提取结果与实际情况最为接近。

关键词(KeyWords)： DEM分辨率;GIS;数字河网;集水面积阈值;河网密度法;山西省;径流

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 山西省基础研究计划(20210302124074);; 国家自然科学基金(42271432);; 山西省水利科学技术研究与推广(2023GM14)

作者(Author): 王莹,杨玫,庞海熔,原世帆

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2024.09.007

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