高凯,杨志勇,高希超,邵薇薇

• 1:中国水利水电科学研究院
• 2:流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

城市化进程的加快使得城市内部与城市间的联系更加紧密,导致洪涝灾害损失进一步扩大,严重威胁到城市的生产生活安全。城市洪涝灾害损失评估是国土资源规划与防洪减灾预案制定的依据,国内外研究学者根据不同类型的洪涝灾害,应用数值模型、神经网络、遥感技术等各种方法对城市洪涝灾害损失进行了评估。通过对国内外文献的调研,划分了城市洪涝灾害损失的类型,整理了针对不同洪涝灾害损失的评估方法及特点,并根据洪涝灾害不同时段的特点总结出适用的洪涝灾害损失评估方法,为城市洪涝灾害损失评估研究以及防洪减灾工作提供了参考。有以下几个主要结论:(1)产业间的联系加强,城市之间组成联系紧密的城市群,单个城市发生洪涝灾害,会通过产业间前后向关联、城市间交通、贸易等扩展到整个城市群,使得城市洪涝灾害损失范围更广;(2)在城市洪涝灾害损失评估中,不同地区不同承灾体的特性及损失率各不相同,在计算时要结合实际情况选择合适的评估方法合理确定损失率;(3)RS、GIS、神经网络等技术被应用到城市洪涝损失评估中,使得城市洪涝损失评估精度更高,评估时间更短,为预测与应对城市洪涝灾害提供更有力的保障;(4)随着信息化水平的提高,可将机器学习、数据挖掘等技术应用到城市洪涝损失评价中,进一步提高城市洪涝损失评估的时效性,为防洪减灾工作提供保障。

关键词(KeyWords)： 城市洪涝;损失评估;直接损失;间接损失

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC1508201);; 国家自然科学基金项目(51879274);; 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室团队项目(SKL2020ZY03)

作者(Author): 高凯,杨志勇,高希超,邵薇薇

DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2021.04.006

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