李朝达,林俊强,夏继红,俞立雄,彭期冬,段辛斌

• 1:河海大学农业科学与工程学院
• 2:中国水利水电科学研究院
• 3:中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

水库对径流的调蓄作用,改变了天然河流的水文情势,从而破坏了鱼类原有的生长繁殖条件和对环境的正常行为响应。2011年以来,三峡水库在四大家鱼繁殖期采取了积极的生态调度运行方式以减缓这一不利生态影响。为分析三峡水库运行以来四大家鱼产卵的生态水文响应变化,本研究应用Weber-Fechner生物感知定律,新提出了鱼类感觉日流量涨幅和鱼类感觉累积流量涨幅两个生态水文指标,并借鉴前人提出的有效反映四大家鱼产卵响应的指标,利用2013—2019年多年水文、生物监测成果分析了鱼类产卵与当前水文过程的响应特性。结果表明:(1)当前刺激家鱼产卵的涨水关键生态水文指标为鱼类感觉日流量涨幅、鱼类感觉累积流量涨幅、流量日增长和流量总增长;(2)涨水过程中有效刺激家鱼产卵达全年产卵规模25%以上的生态水文指标阈值为鱼类感觉日流量涨幅8.37%～36.05%、鱼类感觉累积流量涨幅58.58%～180.23%、流量日增长1 295～2 825 m~3/s、流量总增长7 500～12 670 m~3/s;(3)总体上三峡水库生态调度对四大家鱼产卵具有较好的促进作用。

关键词(KeyWords)： 三峡水库;四大家鱼;生态调度;生态水文响应

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE019600000,2018YFD0900805,2018YFE0128500);; 流域水循环模拟与调节国家重点实验室的自主研究项目(SKL2020ZY10)

作者(Author): 李朝达,林俊强,夏继红,俞立雄,彭期冬,段辛斌

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